Division of Clinical Sciences, Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Perth, Australia.
Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Jan;125(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.06.015. Epub 2009 Aug 15.
Airways hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is one of the major clinical features of allergic airways disease including allergic asthma, however the immunological mechanisms leading to the induction and regulation of this disorder are not fully understood. In this review we will summarise the evidence of a number of studies, principally in murine models of AHR, suggesting a central role for respiratory tract dendritic cells (RTDC) in the induction of AHR through the generation of lung-homing, allergen-specific effector T cells. We will also summarise the evidence supporting a role for regulatory T cells in the attenuation of AHR and will propose that, as a counterpoint to their capacity to induce AHR, RTDC may also play a role in the attenuation of AHR through the generation of regulatory T cells (T(reg)). A better understanding of the relationship between the physiological and immunological responses to allergen-induced AHR attenuation, and particularly the role of RTDC and T(reg) in this process, will be essential for the development of new treatments and therapies.
气道高反应性（AHR）是过敏性气道疾病（包括过敏性哮喘）的主要临床特征之一，然而导致这种疾病的诱导和调节的免疫机制尚未完全阐明。在这篇综述中，我们将总结一些研究的证据，主要是在 AHR 的小鼠模型中，表明呼吸道树突状细胞（RTDC）在通过产生肺归巢、过敏原特异性效应 T 细胞诱导 AHR 方面起着核心作用。我们还将总结支持调节性 T 细胞在减轻 AHR 中的作用的证据，并提出，作为其诱导 AHR 的能力的对应点，RTDC 也可能通过产生调节性 T 细胞（Treg）在减轻 AHR 中发挥作用。更好地理解过敏原诱导的 AHR 减轻的生理和免疫反应之间的关系，特别是 RTDC 和 Treg 在这个过程中的作用，对于开发新的治疗方法至关重要。
