Kauczor Hans-Ulrich, Ley-Zaporozhan Julia, Ley Sebastian
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2009 Aug 15;6(5):458-63. doi: 10.1513/pats.200901-002AW.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lung has shown tremendous progress in recent years. This includes parallel imaging, new contrast agents and mechanisms, ultrafast imaging, and respiratory gating. With these improvements in speed and image quality, MRI is now ready for routine clinical use. The main advantage for MRI of the lung is its unique combination of structural and functional assessment within a single imaging examination. This comprehensive imaging assessment is an asset when compared with computed tomography, which is complemented by the fact that MRI does not carry any exposure to ionizing radiation, making it especially advantageous in children, young adults, and for follow-up examinations either in disease surveillance or therapy monitoring. Clinical indications for MRI are: pulmonary vascular disease, especially pulmonary hypertension, airway diseases, especially cystic fibrosis; neoplastic disease, including staging of lung cancer as an alternative imaging modality; all pediatric indications (e.g., congenital anomalies); as well as follow-up examinations. Under investigation is the application of MRI for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as well as asthma. In this regard the additional benefit from MRI using hyperpolarized gases has to be determined.
近年来，肺部磁共振成像（MRI）已取得巨大进展。这包括并行成像、新型造影剂及机制、超快成像和呼吸门控。随着速度和图像质量的这些提升，MRI现已准备好用于常规临床应用。肺部MRI的主要优势在于其在单次成像检查中对结构和功能评估的独特结合。与计算机断层扫描相比，这种全面的成像评估是一项优势，此外，MRI不存在任何电离辐射暴露，这使其在儿童、年轻人以及疾病监测或治疗监测的随访检查中特别具有优势。MRI的临床适应证包括：肺血管疾病，尤其是肺动脉高压；气道疾病，尤其是囊性纤维化；肿瘤性疾病，包括作为替代成像方式的肺癌分期；所有儿科适应证（如先天性异常）；以及随访检查。目前正在研究MRI在慢性阻塞性肺疾病和哮喘中的应用。在这方面，必须确定使用超极化气体的MRI所带来的额外益处。
