Department of Psychology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Cogn Behav Ther. 2009;38 Suppl 1:3-7. doi: 10.1080/16506070902981503.
The question "what makes therapy work?" has many facets. For instance, if there is evidence for a certain form of psychotherapy, one must question whether the positive effects are due to its methods or rather to "common factors" that may be shared with a number of other procedures. Second, because all evidence-based forms of psychotherapy represent treatment packages that involve a large number of components, there is the issue of the relative importance of these various treatment components. A third issue involves mechanisms of change: by what kind of mechanisms do the active treatment components obtain their effects? Finally, a fourth issue concerns the concepts used in these descriptions and analyses: are these concepts sufficiently well defined to formulate good hypotheses about what makes therapy work? In this article, these questions are discussed briefly, while relating them to the eight articles that comprise this special issue.
“心理治疗为何有效？”这一问题有许多层面。例如，如果某种心理疗法有证据支持，那么必须要问的是，其积极效果是源于其方法，还是源于可能与许多其他程序共有的“共同因素”。其次，由于所有基于证据的心理治疗形式都代表了涉及大量组成部分的治疗方案，因此存在这些各种治疗成分的相对重要性的问题。第三个问题涉及到变化机制：积极的治疗成分通过什么样的机制获得效果？最后，第四个问题涉及到这些描述和分析中使用的概念：这些概念是否足够明确，可以对心理治疗有效的原因提出合理的假设？在本文中，将简要讨论这些问题，并将其与构成本期特刊的八篇文章联系起来。
