[Immunosuppression in hand transplantation: state of the art and future perspectives].

Avoidance or minimization of maintenance immunosuppression represents the key step for promoting wider applicability of reconstructive transplantation. Understanding the mechanisms of composite tissue allograft rejection is of essence in working towards this goal. We herein review the current knowledge on acute rejection in reconstructive transplantation and discuss findings in the light of novel immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory strategies.