Frank D L, Leskey T C, Bergh J C
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Alson H. Smith, Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Winchester, VA 22602, USA.
Environ Entomol. 2009 Aug;38(4):1219-25. doi: 10.1603/022.038.0432.
The postmating behavior of female dogwood borer, Synanthedon scitula (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), was examined in a young apple orchard planted on size-controlling rootstock in Virginia. All female dogwood borers captured while exhibiting casting flight near the base of trees were mated, based on the presence of a spermatophore. Surveys of female activity within orchards were conducted at regular intervals throughout the daylight hours, showing a diel periodicity that peaked between 1700 and 1900 hours, with most females located below the graft union of trees. A transition matrix based on 1,108 behavioral sequences exhibited by 66 females was used to produce a first-order Markov chain of behavioral events that occurred significantly more often than expected by chance. Casting flight, probing with ovipositor, and oviposition were the most frequent behaviors observed, representing 31.7, 30.0, and 18.1% of all behaviors recorded, respectively. Our observations showed that 88, 99, and 99% of casting flight, probing with the ovipositor, and oviposition, respectively, occurred below the graft union. Observed behaviors considered not directly related to oviposition site selection or oviposition included antennal grooming, noncasting flight, and resting, representing 1.3, 8.3, and 10.6% of all behaviors recorded, respectively. Mated females spent significantly more time resting than in other behaviors and significantly more time in that state within the apple tree canopy than on other parts of the tree. Results are discussed in relation to the influence of insect-host plant interactions on oviposition site selection by female dogwood borer.
在弗吉尼亚州一片种植了控根砧木的年轻苹果园中，对雌性山茱萸透翅蛾（Synanthedon scitula (Harris)，鳞翅目：透翅蛾科）的交配后行为进行了研究。根据精包的存在情况，所有在树基部附近呈现抛投飞行时捕获的雌性山茱萸透翅蛾均已交配。在整个白天的时间段内定期对果园中的雌性活动进行调查，结果显示出昼夜节律，在1700至1900时达到峰值，大多数雌性位于树的嫁接部位以下。基于66只雌性表现出的1108个行为序列构建的转移矩阵，用于生成行为事件的一阶马尔可夫链，这些行为事件的发生频率显著高于随机预期。抛投飞行、用产卵器探查和产卵是观察到的最频繁行为，分别占所有记录行为的31.7%、30.0%和18.1%。我们的观察表明，抛投飞行、用产卵器探查和产卵分别有88%、99%和99%发生在嫁接部位以下。观察到的被认为与产卵位点选择或产卵无直接关系的行为包括触角梳理、非抛投飞行和休息，分别占所有记录行为的1.3%、8.3%和10.6%。已交配的雌性花费在休息上的时间显著多于其他行为，并且在苹果树树冠内处于该状态的时间显著多于树的其他部位。结合昆虫与寄主植物相互作用对雌性山茱萸透翅蛾产卵位点选择的影响对结果进行了讨论。
