Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, New Cross SE14 7NW, UK.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2010 Mar;47(3):307-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2009.07.004. Epub 2009 Aug 21.
To identify the specific management behaviours associated with the effective management of stress in nursing; and to build a stress management competency framework that can be integrated and compared with nurse management frameworks.
Workplace stress is a significant problem in healthcare, especially within nursing. While there is a reasonable consensus regarding the sources of stress and its impact on health and well-being, little is known about the specific line manager behaviours that are associated with the effective and ineffective management of stress.
Semi-structured interviews using critical incident technique were conducted with 41 employees working within 5 National Health Service (NHS) trusts within the United Kingdom. Data were transcribed and analysed using content analysis.
19 competencies (or sets of behaviour) were identified in the management of stress in employees. The 3 most frequently reported competencies: managing workload and resources, individual consideration and participative approach, are discussed in detail with illustrative quotes.
Managers are vital in the reduction and management of stress at work. Importantly, the 2 of the 3 dominant competencies, managing workload and resources and individual consideration, do not feature in the UK's NHS Knowledge and Skills Framework, suggesting there are important skills gaps with regard to managing workplace stress. The implications of this approach for training and development, performance appraisal and assessment are discussed. Interventions to support managers develop effective behaviours are required to help reduce and manage stress at work.
确定与护理压力有效管理相关的具体管理行为，并构建一个可与护士管理框架相整合和比较的压力管理能力框架。
工作场所压力是医疗保健领域，尤其是护理领域的一个重大问题。尽管人们对压力的来源及其对健康和幸福感的影响有一定的共识，但对于与压力的有效和无效管理相关的具体直线经理行为知之甚少。
采用关键事件技术对英国 5 家国民保健服务（NHS）信托机构的 41 名员工进行了半结构化访谈。使用内容分析法对转录后的资料进行分析。
在员工压力管理方面确定了 19 项能力（或行为集）。报告频率最高的 3 项能力为：管理工作量和资源、个别考虑和参与式方法，详细讨论并引用了说明性的引语。
管理者在减少和管理工作压力方面至关重要。重要的是，在英国国民保健服务体系的知识和技能框架中，这 3 项主导能力中的 2 项，即管理工作量和资源以及个别考虑，并没有得到体现，这表明在管理工作场所压力方面存在重要的技能差距。讨论了这种方法对培训和发展、绩效评估和评估的影响。需要采取干预措施来支持管理者发展有效的行为，以帮助减少和管理工作压力。
