第二组代谢型谷氨酸受体与精神分裂症。
Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors and schizophrenia.
作者信息
Moreno José L, Sealfon Stuart C, González-Maeso Javier
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
出版信息
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2009 Dec;66(23):3777-85. doi: 10.1007/s00018-009-0130-3. Epub 2009 Aug 26.
Abstract
Schizophrenia is one of the most common mental illnesses, with hereditary and environmental factors important for its etiology. All antipsychotics have in common a high affinity for monoaminergic receptors. Whereas hallucinations and delusions usually respond to typical (haloperidol-like) and atypical (clozapine-like) monoaminergic antipsychotics, their efficacy in improving negative symptoms and cognitive deficits remains inadequate. In addition, devastating side effects are a common characteristic of monoaminergic antipsychotics. Recent biochemical, preclinical and clinical findings support group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR2 and mGluR3) as a new approach to treat schizophrenia. This paper reviews the status of general knowledge of mGluR2 and mGluR3 in the psychopharmacology, genetics and neuropathology of schizophrenia.
摘要
精神分裂症是最常见的精神疾病之一，遗传和环境因素对其病因学很重要。所有抗精神病药物的共同特点是对单胺能受体具有高亲和力。虽然幻觉和妄想通常对典型（氟哌啶醇样）和非典型（氯氮平样）单胺能抗精神病药物有反应，但其改善阴性症状和认知缺陷的疗效仍然不足。此外，严重的副作用是单胺能抗精神病药物的共同特征。最近的生化、临床前和临床研究结果支持将II组代谢型谷氨酸受体（mGluR2和mGluR3）作为治疗精神分裂症的新方法。本文综述了mGluR2和mGluR3在精神分裂症的精神药理学、遗传学和神经病理学方面的一般知识现状。
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