Glover G J, Swendrowski M, Cawthorn R J
Assiniboine Park Zoo, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
J Wildl Dis. 1990 Apr;26(2):186-95. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-26.2.186.
Besnoitia sp. was diagnosed in two caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) which died of pneumonia at the Assiniboine Park Zoo (Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) in 1983. During the following 3 yr besnoitiosis spread to an isolated herd of caribou, to mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) and to reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). Reduction of exposure to biting insects appears to have reduced the transmission of besnoitiosis within the reindeer herd. The morbidity rate was approximately 82% in caribou and 67% in mule deer over the age of 2 mo. Most animals with clinical signs were euthanized; this precluded an estimation of the disease-related mortality rate. Twenty-eight caribou, 10 mule deer and three reindeer have been euthanized or died as a result of this epidemic. Attempts to artificially transmit the disease to potentially susceptible intermediate and definitive hosts were unsuccessful.
1983年，在加拿大曼尼托巴省温尼伯市的阿西尼博因公园动物园，两头死于肺炎的北美驯鹿（Rangifer tarandus caribou）被诊断出感染了贝斯诺虫属（Besnoitia sp.）。在接下来的3年里，贝斯诺虫病传播到了一群与世隔绝的北美驯鹿、骡鹿（Odocoileus hemionus hemionus）和驯鹿（Rangifer tarandus tarandus）中。减少与叮咬昆虫的接触似乎降低了驯鹿群中贝斯诺虫病的传播。2月龄以上的北美驯鹿发病率约为82%，骡鹿为67%。大多数出现临床症状的动物被实施安乐死；这使得无法估计与疾病相关的死亡率。由于这次疫情，28头北美驯鹿、10头骡鹿和3头驯鹿被实施安乐死或死亡。将该疾病人工传播给潜在易感中间宿主和终末宿主的尝试均未成功。
