Irshad Abid, Ackerman Susan J, Campbell Amy S, Anis Munazza
Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2009 Aug;30(4):298-314. doi: 10.1053/j.sult.2009.03.001.
Imaging has played a major role in monitoring the well-being of the renal graft. Ultrasound, in particular, has been extremely helpful for the detection of postoperative complications related to the transplant kidney. From an imaging perspective, the complications of renal transplantation can be categorized into vascular complications, complications related to the collecting systems (urological complications), perinephric fluid collections, and parenchymal complications. Additionally, there are some complications that may occur, secondary to a transplant renal biopsy. To be able to correctly identify the complications associated with renal transplants, one should have a comprehensive understanding of various aspects of the transplant procedure and be familiar with the normal or expected findings after a transplant. This article provides an overview of renal transplantation and discusses the use of various imaging modalities in its evaluation. The various complications associated with renal transplant as well as renal biopsy are elaborated in this article with special emphasis on the use of ultrasound.
影像学在监测肾移植受者的健康状况方面发挥了重要作用。特别是超声，对检测与移植肾相关的术后并发症极为有用。从影像学角度来看，肾移植的并发症可分为血管并发症、与集合系统相关的并发症（泌尿系统并发症）、肾周液体积聚和实质并发症。此外，肾移植活检可能会引发一些并发症。为了能够正确识别与肾移植相关的并发症，应全面了解移植手术的各个方面，并熟悉移植后的正常或预期表现。本文概述了肾移植，并讨论了各种影像学检查方法在其评估中的应用。本文详细阐述了与肾移植以及肾活检相关的各种并发症，特别强调了超声的应用。
