Singh V, Wisniewski A, Britton J, Tattersfield A
Respiratory Medicine Unit, City Hospital, Nottingham, UK.
Lancet. 1990 Jun 9;335(8702):1381-3. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(90)91254-8.
The effects of two pranayama yoga breathing exercises on airway reactivity, airway calibre, symptom scores, and medication use in patients with mild asthma were assessed in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. After baseline assessment over 1 week, 18 patients with mild asthma practised slow deep breathing for 15 min twice a day for two consecutive 2-week periods. During the active period, subjects were asked to breathe through a Pink City lung (PCL) exerciser--a device which imposes slowing of breathing and a 1:2 inspiration:expiration duration ratio equivalent to pranayama breathing methods; during the control period, subjects breathed through a matched placebo device. Mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), peak expiratory flow rate, symptom score, and inhaler use over the last 3 days of each treatment period were assessed in comparison with the baseline assessment period; all improved more with the PCL exerciser than with the placebo device, but the differences were not significant. There was a statistically significant increase in the dose of histamine needed to provoke a 20% reduction in FEV1 (PD20) during pranayama breathing but not with the placebo device. The usefulness of controlled ventilation exercises in the control of asthma should be further investigated.
在一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的交叉试验中，评估了两种调息瑜伽呼吸练习对轻度哮喘患者气道反应性、气道口径、症状评分和药物使用的影响。在进行了为期1周的基线评估后，18名轻度哮喘患者连续两个为期2周的时间段内，每天两次进行15分钟的缓慢深呼吸练习。在活跃期，受试者通过粉红城市肺（PCL）训练器呼吸——该设备可使呼吸减慢，并使吸气与呼气时长比达到1:2，这与调息呼吸法等效；在对照期，受试者通过匹配的安慰剂设备呼吸。与基线评估期相比，评估了每个治疗期最后3天的平均1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、呼气峰值流速、症状评分和吸入器使用情况；与安慰剂设备相比，使用PCL训练器时所有指标的改善都更大，但差异不显著。在进行调息呼吸时，引起FEV1降低20%所需的组胺剂量（PD2）有统计学意义的增加，但使用安慰剂设备时没有。应进一步研究控制性通气练习在哮喘控制中的效用。
