An Mi-hee, Yi Chung-hwi, Jeon Hye-seon, Park So-yeon
Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Wonju, Kangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009 Nov;73(11):1539-44. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2009.07.020. Epub 2009 Aug 31.
The purposes of the present study were to elucidate the age-related changes in single-limb standing balance and sensory compensation for maintaining single-limb standing in profoundly deaf (PD) children, and to compare them with age-matched normal-hearing (NH) children.
This study involved 57 PD children, aged 4-14 years and 57 age-matched NH children. Each group was subdivided into the following age groups: 4-6 years, 7-9 years, and 12-14 years. Postural stability was assessed using a single-limb standing test under four different sensory conditions: standing on a firm surface with eyes open (condition 1), standing on a firm surface with eyes closed and covered (condition 2), standing on a foam surface with eyes open (condition 3), and standing on a foam surface with eyes closed and covered (condition 4).
The age-related changes in single-limb standing balance of the PD children were notably affected by sensory conditions, in contrast with those of the NH children, which were not influenced by sensory conditions. In conditions 1 and 3, where visual information was enabled, the mean time of maintaining single-limb standing for the PD children significantly increased with age, and even reached levels similar to those of the NH children. However, in condition 2, where visual input was removed, the deficit of single-limb standing balance in the PD children persisted. Condition 4 revealed no significant age-related changes in the PD children.
These results suggest that the postural stability of PD children improves as a result of adaptive sensory compensation, both visual and somatosensory. In addition, it appears that postural control is more highly dependent upon visual input than on somatosensory input.
本研究旨在阐明重度聋（PD）儿童单腿站立平衡的年龄相关变化以及维持单腿站立的感觉补偿情况，并将其与年龄匹配的听力正常（NH）儿童进行比较。
本研究纳入了57名4至14岁的PD儿童和57名年龄匹配的NH儿童。每组再细分为以下年龄组：4至6岁、7至9岁和12至14岁。在四种不同感觉条件下，通过单腿站立测试评估姿势稳定性：睁眼站在坚实表面上（条件1）、闭眼并蒙上眼睛站在坚实表面上（条件2）、睁眼站在泡沫表面上（条件3）、闭眼并蒙上眼睛站在泡沫表面上（条件4）。
与NH儿童不同，PD儿童单腿站立平衡的年龄相关变化明显受感觉条件影响，NH儿童的该变化不受感觉条件影响。在条件1和3中，视觉信息可用，PD儿童单腿站立的平均时间随年龄显著增加，甚至达到与NH儿童相似的水平。然而，在条件2中，视觉输入被去除，PD儿童单腿站立平衡的缺陷仍然存在。条件4显示PD儿童没有明显的年龄相关变化。
这些结果表明，PD儿童的姿势稳定性通过视觉和体感的适应性感觉补偿得到改善。此外，姿势控制似乎更高度依赖视觉输入而非体感输入。
