Nihiser Allison J, Lee Sarah M, Wechsler Howell, McKenna Mary, Odom Erica, Reinold Chris, Thompson Diane, Grummer-Strawn Larry
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Adolescent and School Health, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Mailstop K-12, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
Pediatrics. 2009 Sep;124 Suppl 1:S89-97. doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-3586L.
School-based BMI measurement has attracted attention across the nation as a potential approach to address obesity among youth. However, little is known about its impact or effectiveness in changing obesity rates or related physical activity and dietary behaviors that influence obesity. This article describes current BMI-measurement programs and practices, research, and expert recommendations and provides guidance on implementing such an approach.
An extensive search for scientific articles, position statements, and current state legislation related to BMI-measurement programs was conducted. A literature and policy review was written and presented to a panel of experts. This panel, comprising experts in public health, education, school counseling, school medical care, and parenting, reviewed and provided expertise on this article.
School-based BMI-measurement programs are conducted for surveillance or screening purposes. Thirteen states are implementing school-based BMI-measurement programs as required by legislation. Few studies exist that assess the utility of these programs in preventing increases in obesity or the effects these programs may have on weight-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of youth and their families. Typically, expert organizations support school-based BMI surveillance; however, controversy exists over screening. BMI screening does not currently meet all of the American Academy of Pediatrics' criteria for determining whether screening for specific health conditions should be implemented in schools.
Schools initiating BMI-measurement programs should adhere to safeguards to minimize potential harms and maximize benefits, establish a safe and supportive environment for students of all body sizes, and implement science-based strategies to promote physical activity and healthy eating.
以学校为基础的体重指数（BMI）测量作为解决青少年肥胖问题的一种潜在方法，已引起全国关注。然而，对于其在改变肥胖率或影响肥胖的相关身体活动及饮食行为方面的影响或效果，人们知之甚少。本文描述了当前的BMI测量项目与实践、研究及专家建议，并为实施这种方法提供指导。
对与BMI测量项目相关的科学文章、立场声明及现行州立法进行了广泛检索。撰写了一篇文献与政策综述并提交给一个专家小组。该小组由公共卫生、教育、学校咨询、学校医疗及育儿方面的专家组成，对本文进行了审阅并提供专业意见。
以学校为基础的BMI测量项目是出于监测或筛查目的而开展的。有13个州正在按照立法要求实施以学校为基础的BMI测量项目。很少有研究评估这些项目在预防肥胖增加方面的效用，或者这些项目可能对青少年及其家庭与体重相关的知识、态度和行为产生的影响。通常，专家组织支持以学校为基础的BMI监测；然而，在筛查方面存在争议。目前，BMI筛查并不符合美国儿科学会关于确定是否应在学校实施特定健康状况筛查的所有标准。
启动BMI测量项目的学校应遵守保障措施，以尽量减少潜在危害并最大化益处，为各种体型的学生建立一个安全且支持性的环境，并实施基于科学的策略来促进身体活动和健康饮食。
