Nara Nobuo, Beppu Masashi, Tohda Shuji, Suzuki Toshiya
Center for Education Research in Medicine and Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo.
Intern Med. 2009;48(17):1515-9. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.48.2373. Epub 2009 Sep 1.
To contribute to reforming the medical education system in Japan, we visited overseas medical schools and observed the methods utilized in medical education.
We visited 28 medical schools and five institutes in the United States, Europe, Australia and Asia in 2008. We met deans and specialists in medical affairs and observed the medical schools' facilities.
Among the several effective educational methods used in overseas medical schools, simulation-based learning was being used in all that we visited. Simulation-based learning is used to promote medical students' mastery of communication skills, medical interviewing, physical examination and basic clinical procedures. Students and tutors both recognize the effectiveness of simulation-based learning in medical education.
In contrast to overseas medical schools, simulation-based learning is not common in Japan. There remain many barriers to introduce simulation-based education in Japan, such as a shortage of medical tutors, staff, mannequins and budget. However, enhancing the motivation of tutors is likely the most important factor to facilitate simulation-based education in Japanese medical schools to become common place.
为推动日本医学教育体系改革，我们走访了海外医学院校并观察医学教育中所采用的方法。
2008年，我们走访了美国、欧洲、澳大利亚和亚洲的28所医学院校及5个机构。我们会见了院长及医务专家，并参观了医学院校的设施。
在所走访的所有海外医学院校中，均采用了几种有效的教育方法，其中基于模拟的学习被广泛应用。基于模拟的学习用于促进医学生对沟通技巧、医学问诊、体格检查及基本临床操作的掌握。学生和教师都认可基于模拟的学习在医学教育中的有效性。
与海外医学院校相比，基于模拟的学习在日本并不常见。在日本引入基于模拟的教育仍存在诸多障碍，如医学教师、工作人员、人体模型及预算短缺等。然而，提高教师的积极性可能是促使基于模拟的教育在日本医学院校普及的最重要因素。
