Nara Nobuo, Suzuki Toshiya, Tohda Shuji
Center for Education Research in Medicine and Dentistry.
J Med Dent Sci. 2011 Jul 4;58(2):79-83.
To contribute to the innovation of the medical education system in Japan, we visited 35 medical schools and 5 institutes in 12 countries of North America, Europe, Australia and Asia in 2008-2010 and observed the education system. We met the deans, medical education committee and administration affairs and discussed about the desirable education system. We also observed the facilities of medical schools.Medical education system shows marked diversity in the world. There are three types of education course; non-graduate-entry program(non-GEP), graduate-entry program(GEP) and mixed program of non-GEP and GEP. Even in the same country, several types of medical schools coexist. Although the education methods are also various among medical schools, most of the medical schools have introduced tutorial system based on PBL or TBL and simulation-based learning to create excellent medical physicians. The medical education system is variable among countries depending on the social environment. Although the change in education program may not be necessary in Japan, we have to innovate education methods; clinical training by clinical clerkship must be made more developed to foster the training of the excellent clinical physicians, and tutorial education by PBL or TBL and simulation-based learning should be introduced more actively.
为推动日本医学教育体系的创新，我们于2008年至2010年走访了北美、欧洲、澳大利亚和亚洲12个国家的35所医学院校和5个机构，考察了其教育体系。我们会见了院长、医学教育委员会和行政事务人员，讨论了理想的教育体系。我们还参观了医学院校的设施。医学教育体系在全球呈现出显著的多样性。有三种教育课程类型：非本科入学项目（non-GEP）、本科入学项目（GEP）以及非GEP和GEP的混合项目。即使在同一个国家，也并存着几种类型的医学院校。尽管各医学院校的教育方法也多种多样，但大多数医学院校都引入了基于问题式学习（PBL）或团队式学习（TBL）的辅导体系以及基于模拟的学习，以培养优秀的医学人才。医学教育体系因国家的社会环境而异。尽管在日本可能无需改变教育项目，但我们必须创新教育方法；必须进一步发展临床实习的临床培训，以培养优秀的临床医生，并且应更积极地引入基于PBL或TBL的辅导教育以及基于模拟的学习。
