Department of Endocrinology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2010 Mar 25;316(2):147-53. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2009.08.017. Epub 2009 Aug 31.
Growth hormone (GH) is the most important hormonal regulator of postnatal longitudinal growth in man. In adults GH is no longer needed for longitudinal growth. Adults with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) are characterised by perturbations in body composition, lipid metabolism, cardiovascular risk profile and bone mineral density. It is well established that adult GHD usually is accompanied by an increase in fat accumulation and GH replacement in adult patients with GHD results in reduction of fat mass and abdominal fat mass in particular. It is also recognized that obesity and abdominal obesity in particular results in a secondary reduction in GH secretion and subnormal insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels. The recovery of the GH IGF-I axis after weight loss suggest an acquired defect, however, the pathophysiologic role of GH in obesity is yet to be fully understood. In clinical studies examining the efficacy of GH in obese subjects very little or no effect are observed with respect to weight loss, whereas GH seems to reduce total and abdominal fat mass in obese subjects. The observed reductions in abdominal fat mass are modest and similar to what can be achieved by diet or exercise interventions.
生长激素（GH）是人类出生后纵向生长最重要的激素调节因子。在成年人中，GH 不再需要促进纵向生长。生长激素缺乏症（GHD）成年人的特征是身体成分、脂质代谢、心血管风险状况和骨矿物质密度发生紊乱。已经证实，成年人 GHD 通常伴随着脂肪积累的增加，而 GH 替代治疗可导致 GHD 成年患者的脂肪质量，特别是腹部脂肪质量减少。人们还认识到，肥胖，特别是腹部肥胖，会导致 GH 分泌的继发性减少和 IGF-I 水平的降低。减肥后 GH-IGF-I 轴的恢复表明存在后天缺陷，然而，GH 在肥胖中的生理作用尚未得到充分理解。在研究 GH 在肥胖受试者中的疗效的临床研究中，观察到 GH 对体重减轻几乎没有或没有影响，而 GH 似乎可以减少肥胖受试者的总脂肪和腹部脂肪。观察到的腹部脂肪减少幅度较小，与饮食或运动干预所能达到的效果相似。
