Kasili Sichangi, Kutima Helen, Mwandawiro Charles, Ngumbi Philip M, Anjili Christopher O
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Department of Zoology, Nairobi, Kenya.
J Vector Borne Dis. 2009 Sep;46(3):191-6.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: In order to understand sandfly bionomics, vector species identification, and to develop methods for sandfly control, there is a need to sample sandflies in any particular habitat. This survey was aimed at determining the best method of sampling Phlebotomus (Phlebotomus) duboscqi (Diptera: Psychodidae) in the field.
Different animal baits and CO2-baited CDC light traps were used to attract sandflies released in an insect-proof screen-house located in the sandfly's natural habitat in Marigat, Baringo district of Kenya.
Attraction of hungry P. duboscqi female sandflies by the goat (Capra hircis) was significantly higher than that of hamster (Mesocricetus auretus), Nile grass rat (Arvicanthis niloticus), gerbil (Tatera robusta) and chicken (Gallus domestica). However, two rodent species, A. niloticus and T. robusta did not differ significantly. A linear regression analysis of weights of animal baits and number of sandflies attracted revealed an insignificant result. The fluorescent dyes used to distinguish sandflies of different day experiments seemed not to influence the sandfly numbers in relation to the studied sandfly behaviour.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: The similar attraction pattern of P. duboscqi in semi-field environment by CO(2)-baited CDC light trap and the goat provides hope for solution to the problem of fast dissipating dry ice (CO(2) source) in the field. Goats can, therefore, also be utilized as deflectors of vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis from humans in zooprophylaxis in Leishmania major endemic areas where the sandfly is found.
为了解白蛉生物学特性、媒介种类鉴定并开发白蛉控制方法，需要在任何特定栖息地对白蛉进行采样。本调查旨在确定在野外采样杜氏白蛉（双翅目：蛾蠓科）的最佳方法。
使用不同的动物诱饵和二氧化碳诱捕的疾控中心光诱捕器，来吸引放置在肯尼亚巴林戈区马里加特白蛉自然栖息地的防虫网室内释放的白蛉。
饥饿的雌性杜氏白蛉对山羊（Capra hircis）的吸引力显著高于仓鼠（Mesocricetus auretus）、尼罗稻鼠（Arvicanthis niloticus）、沙鼠（Tatera robusta）和鸡（Gallus domestica）。然而，两种啮齿动物，尼罗稻鼠和沙鼠之间的差异不显著。对动物诱饵重量和吸引的白蛉数量进行线性回归分析，结果不显著。用于区分不同日间实验白蛉的荧光染料似乎不影响与所研究白蛉行为相关的白蛉数量。
二氧化碳诱捕的疾控中心光诱捕器和山羊在半野外环境中对杜氏白蛉有相似的吸引模式，这为解决野外干冰（二氧化碳来源）快速消散的问题带来了希望。因此，在发现白蛉的硕大利什曼原虫流行地区的动物宿主防御中，山羊也可被用作将皮肤利什曼病的病媒从人类身边引开的工具。
