精神活性药物对胎儿的影响。
Fetal effects of psychoactive drugs.
作者信息
Salisbury Amy L, Ponder Kathryn L, Padbury James F, Lester Barry M
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics, Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, 101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI 02905, USA.
出版信息
Clin Perinatol. 2009 Sep;36(3):595-619. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2009.06.002.
Psychoactive drug use by pregnant women has the potential to effect fetal development; the effects are often thought to be drug-specific and gestational age dependent. This article describes the effects of three drugs with similar molecular targets that involve monoaminergic transmitter systems: cocaine, methamphetamine, and selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) used to treat maternal depression during pregnancy. We propose a possible common epigenetic mechanism for their potential effects on the developing child. We suggest that exposure to these substances acts as a stressor that affects fetal programming, disrupts fetal placental monoamine transporter expression and alters neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter system development. We also discuss neurobehavioral techniques that may be useful in the early detection of the effects of in utero drug exposure.
孕妇使用精神活性药物有可能影响胎儿发育；人们通常认为这些影响具有药物特异性且依赖于孕周。本文描述了三种具有相似分子靶点且涉及单胺能递质系统的药物的影响：可卡因、甲基苯丙胺以及用于治疗孕期母亲抑郁症的选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（SSRI）。我们提出了一种可能的共同表观遗传机制来解释它们对发育中儿童的潜在影响。我们认为，接触这些物质会作为一种应激源影响胎儿编程，破坏胎儿胎盘单胺转运体表达，并改变神经内分泌和神经递质系统发育。我们还讨论了可能有助于早期检测子宫内药物暴露影响的神经行为技术。
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