Poljac Edita, Bekkering Harold
Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2009 Nov;132(3):279-85. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2009.07.012. Epub 2009 Sep 4.
The present study investigated how the activation of previous tasks interferes with the execution of future tasks as a result of temporal manipulations. Color and shape matching tasks were organized in runs of two trials each. The tasks were specified by a cue presented before a task run, cueing only the first trials of each run. Response times (RTs) and error rates were measured for task switching and task repetition conditions. Task interference was varied as a function of response-cue interval (RCI of 300 and 900ms), that is, the interval between the task runs. Keeping the response-stimulus interval within the task runs constant at 300ms allowed the disentangling of the direct effects of RCI manipulation on performance (first trials) from the general effects on performance (both trials in the run). The data showed similar performance improvement due to RCI increase on both trials in the task run. Furthermore, increasing RCI improved both switch and repetition performance to a similar extent. Together, our findings provide further evidence for accounts stressing generic effects of proactive task interference in task switching.
本研究调查了由于时间操纵，先前任务的激活如何干扰未来任务的执行。颜色和形状匹配任务以每次两个试验的轮次进行组织。任务由任务轮次之前呈现的提示指定，仅提示每个轮次的第一次试验。测量了任务切换和任务重复条件下的反应时间（RTs）和错误率。任务干扰根据反应提示间隔（300和900毫秒的RCI）而变化，即任务轮次之间的间隔。将任务轮次内的反应-刺激间隔保持在300毫秒不变，使得能够将RCI操纵对表现（第一次试验）的直接影响与对表现的一般影响（轮次中的两次试验）区分开来。数据显示，由于任务轮次中两次试验的RCI增加，表现有类似的改善。此外，增加RCI在相似程度上改善了切换和重复表现。总之，我们的研究结果为强调任务切换中主动任务干扰的一般效应的观点提供了进一步的证据。
