Department of Genetics, University of Rzeszow, Rejtana 16C, PL 35-959, Poland.
Mutat Res. 2009 Sep-Oct;679(1-2):18-23. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2009.07.017.
Despite its antioxidant capacity and well-known health benefits, yerba mate tea (Ilex paraguariensis) has been shown to possess some genotoxic and mutagenic activities and to increase incidence of some types of cancer. The aim of this study was to estimate the cyto- and genotoxicity of mate tea in human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro. We found that yerba mate extract induced a concentration-dependent, statistically significant increase in the level of apoptotic and necrotic cells and a decrease in the nuclear division index (NDI). Mate-exposed lymphocytes had a reduced transcriptional rDNA activity, which may be due to the stress conditions, and showed an elevated production of micronuclei. The FISH technique revealed the appearance of an acrocentric signal in mate-induced micronuclei, which suggests that under these conditions yerba mate extract may display aneugenic activity. Since caffeine is one of the most abundant compounds found in the dry mass of mate, we conducted additional experiments with caffeine alone. We showed that caffeine used at the same concentrations manifests a more potent cyto- and genotoxic effect that may account, at least in part, for the disadvantageous effects observed for yerba mate extract.
尽管巴拉圭冬青茶（Ilex paraguariensis）具有抗氧化能力和众所周知的健康益处，但已证明它具有一些遗传毒性和致突变活性，并增加了某些类型癌症的发病率。本研究旨在评估体外人外周血淋巴细胞中马黛茶的细胞毒性和遗传毒性。我们发现，马黛茶提取物诱导细胞凋亡和坏死细胞水平呈浓度依赖性、统计学显著增加，并降低核分裂指数（NDI）。暴露于马黛茶的淋巴细胞转录 rDNA 活性降低，这可能是由于应激条件所致，并且表现出微核的产生增加。FISH 技术显示出马黛茶诱导的微核中出现着丝粒信号，这表明在这些条件下，马黛茶提取物可能具有变异性活性。由于咖啡因是马黛茶干重中含量最丰富的化合物之一，我们单独用咖啡因进行了额外的实验。我们表明，以相同浓度使用的咖啡因表现出更强的细胞毒性和遗传毒性作用，这至少可以部分解释观察到的对马黛茶提取物的不利影响。
