[美沙酮维持治疗6个月后患者渴求的变化及影响因素]
[Change and influence factors of craving for patients after 6 month methadone maintenance treatment].
作者信息
Li Xingli, Tan Hongzhuan, Sun Zhenqiu, Zhang Heng, Chen Mengshi, Ou Qiuying
机构信息
School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
出版信息
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2009 Aug;34(8):718-22.
OBJECTIVE
To explore the change and impact factors of craving for heroin in patients after 6 month methadone maintenance treatment (MMT).
METHODS
The questionnaire of craving for heroin was used to measure the level of craving for heroin when patients just entered the study and were treated for 6 months. The influence of MMT on craving in patients were analyzed.
RESULTS
The total score and score for other factors decreased except the factor "self-control" after MMT. The craving for high dose patients decreased significantly after 6 month treatment (P<0.05). The degree of craving for heroin in males and females all decreased after MMT, but no significant difference was shown (P>0.05). The craving degree for heroin in patients with long drug use was higher than that of patients with short drug use. After the treatment, the improvement of craving was more significant for the long drug users.
CONCLUSION
MMT can decline the craving for heroin in drug users. Dosage for methadone and gender may be the risk factors of craving change.
目的
探讨美沙酮维持治疗（MMT）6个月后患者对海洛因渴求的变化及影响因素。
方法
采用海洛因渴求问卷对患者刚入组时及治疗6个月时的海洛因渴求程度进行测评，分析MMT对患者渴求的影响。
结果
MMT后除“自我控制”因子外，总分及其他因子得分均下降。高剂量患者治疗6个月后渴求程度显著降低（P<0.05）。MMT后男性和女性对海洛因的渴求程度均下降，但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。吸毒时间长的患者对海洛因的渴求程度高于吸毒时间短的患者。治疗后，吸毒时间长的患者渴求改善更显著。
结论
MMT可降低吸毒者对海洛因的渴求。美沙酮剂量和性别可能是渴求变化的危险因素。
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