Matza Didi, Flavell Richard A
Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Immunol Rev. 2009 Sep;231(1):257-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065X.2009.00805.x.
T lymphocytes require Ca2+ entry though the plasma membrane for their activation and function. Recently, several routes for Ca2+ entry through the T-cell plasma membrane after activation have been described. These include calcium release-activated channels (CRAC), transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, and inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs). Herein we review the emergence of a fourth new route for Ca2+ entry, composed of Ca(v) channels (also known as L-type voltage-gated calcium channels) and the scaffold protein AHNAK1 (AHNAK/desmoyokin). Both helper (CD4+) and killer (CD8+) T cells express high levels of Ca(v)1 alpha1 subunits (alpha1S, alpha1C, alpha1D, and alpha1F) and AHNAK1 after their differentiation and require these molecules for Ca2+ entry during an immune response. In this article, we describe the observations and open questions that ultimately suggest the involvement of multiple consecutive routes for Ca2+ entry into lymphocytes, one of which may be mediated by Ca(v) channels and AHNAK1.
T淋巴细胞的激活和功能需要通过质膜进入Ca2+。最近，已经描述了激活后Ca2+通过T细胞质膜进入的几种途径。这些途径包括钙释放激活通道（CRAC）、瞬时受体电位（TRP）通道和肌醇-1,4,5-三磷酸受体（IP3R）。在此，我们综述了一种新的Ca2+进入途径的出现，该途径由Ca(v)通道（也称为L型电压门控钙通道）和支架蛋白AHNAK1（AHNAK/桥粒激酶）组成。辅助性（CD4+）和杀伤性（CD8+）T细胞在分化后均高水平表达Ca(v)1α1亚基（α1S、α1C、α1D和α1F）和AHNAK1，并且在免疫反应期间Ca2+进入需要这些分子。在本文中，我们描述了一些观察结果和未解决的问题，这些最终表明存在多条连续的Ca2+进入淋巴细胞的途径，其中一条可能由Ca(v)通道和AHNAK1介导。
