Department of Earth & Environment and International Hurricane Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
Risk Anal. 2009 Nov;29(11):1588-600. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01289.x. Epub 2009 Sep 17.
Wildfires in the wildland urban interface (WUI) are an increasing concern throughout the western United States and elsewhere. WUI communities continue to grow and thus increase the wildfire risk to human lives and property. Information such as a wildfire risk map can inform WUI residents of potential risks and may help to efficiently sort mitigation efforts. This study uses the survey-based contingent valuation (CV) method to examine annual household willingness to pay (WTP) for the provision of a wildfire risk map. Data were collected through a mail survey of the East Mountain WUI area in the State of New Mexico (USA). The integrated empirical approach includes a system of equations that involves joint estimation of WTP values, along with measures of a respondent's risk perception and risk mitigation behavior. The median estimated WTP is around U.S. $12 for the annual wildfire risk map, which covers at least the costs of producing and distributing available risk information. Further, providing a wildfire risk map can help address policy goals emphasizing information gathering and sharing among stakeholders to mitigate the effects of wildfires.
在美国西部和其他地区,野外城市界面(WUI)的野火问题越来越令人担忧。WUI 社区不断发展,因此增加了人类生命和财产遭受野火威胁的风险。野火风险图等信息可以告知 WUI 居民潜在的风险,并有助于有效分配减灾工作。本研究使用基于调查的条件价值评估(CV)方法,调查了 WUI 居民对提供野火风险图的年度家庭意愿支付(WTP)。数据通过对美国新墨西哥州东山 WUI 地区的邮件调查收集。综合实证方法包括一个方程组,涉及 WTP 值的联合估计,以及对受访者风险感知和风险缓解行为的衡量。估计的年平均 WTP 约为 12 美元,足以支付制作和分发现有风险信息的成本。此外,提供野火风险图有助于实现强调利益相关者之间信息收集和共享以减轻野火影响的政策目标。