Neurobiology, Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033-0539, USA.
Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2009 Nov-Dec;23(6):e17-22. doi: 10.2500/ajra.2009.23.3365. Epub 2009 Sep 18.
Histamine and leukotrienes act to exert numerous local and systemic effects that contribute to the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis. The aim of these experiments was to evaluate the nasal decongestant effects of loratadine and montelukast alone and in combination in a feline model of nasal congestion. We also studied the decongestant actions of the alpha-agonist adrenergic agonist D-pseudoephedrine with and without desloratadine.
Acoustic rhinometry was used to determine nasal cavity dimensions after intranasal compound 48/80. Cats were given D-pseudoephedrine (0.3 mg/kg) alone or in combination with desloratadine (5 mg/kg) 1 hour before nasal provocation with compound 48/80 (1%, 75 microliters) to either the left or right nasal passageway. Using a similar design, the nasal decongestant effects of montelukast (1 mg/kg) and loratadine (10 mg/kg) were studied alone and in combination.
The addition of desloratadine to D-pseudoephedrine did not improve decongestant efficacy compared with each drug given individually. In contrast, when montelukast (1 mg/kg) was given in combination with loratadine (10 mg/kg), the decongestant activity was greater than when these drugs were administered separately. Sixty minutes after compound 48/80 provocation the nasal cavity volume ratio (volume ratio of the compound 48/80 treated/untreated nasal passageway) for the control, montelukast alone, loratadine alone, and the montelukast plus loratadine-treated groups were 0.20 +/- 0.03, 0.24 +/- 0.01, 0.28 +/- 0.03, and 0.50 +/- 0.03.
Concomitant montelukast plus loratadine produces a greater degree of nasal decongestion compared with montelukast or loratadine alone in an experimental model of nasal congestion.
组胺和白三烯发挥许多局部和全身作用，有助于过敏性鼻炎的病理生理学。这些实验的目的是评估氯雷他定和孟鲁司特单独及联合应用于猫鼻阻塞模型的鼻减充血作用。我们还研究了α-激动剂去甲肾上腺素能激动剂 D-伪麻黄碱与和/或地氯雷他定联合应用的减充血作用。
鼻声反射测量法用于测定鼻内给予化合物 48/80 后鼻腔的尺寸。猫在鼻内给予化合物 48/80（1%，75 微升）至左或右鼻道之前 1 小时，分别单独给予 D-伪麻黄碱（0.3mg/kg）或与地氯雷他定（5mg/kg）联合应用，进行鼻激发。采用类似设计，研究孟鲁司特（1mg/kg）和氯雷他定（10mg/kg）单独及联合应用的鼻减充血作用。
与单独使用每种药物相比，D-伪麻黄碱中加入地氯雷他定并不能提高减充血效果。相比之下，当孟鲁司特（1mg/kg）与氯雷他定（10mg/kg）联合使用时，其减充血活性大于单独使用这些药物时。在化合物 48/80 激发后 60 分钟，对照组、孟鲁司特单独组、氯雷他定单独组和孟鲁司特加氯雷他定治疗组的鼻腔容积比（化合物 48/80 处理/未处理鼻腔的容积比）分别为 0.20 ± 0.03、0.24 ± 0.01、0.28 ± 0.03 和 0.50 ± 0.03。
在鼻阻塞的实验模型中，与单独使用孟鲁司特或氯雷他定相比，同时使用孟鲁司特加氯雷他定可产生更大程度的鼻减充血作用。
