School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1UG, United Kingdom.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2010 Feb;13(1):90-5. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2009.08.005. Epub 2009 Sep 24.
Stomata are microscopic structures in the epidermis of the aerial parts of flowering plants formed by two specialized guard cells flanking a central pore. The role of stomata is to optimize gas exchange (the uptake of carbon dioxide and the loss of water vapor) to suit the prevailing environmental conditions. To do this plants open and close the stomatal pores and regulates the number of stomata that develop on the epidermes. Both these responses are controlled by integrating information from environmental cues and hormonal signals. Recent work has resulted in significant advances in our understanding of the underlying pathway controlling stomatal development. Here we shall discuss how environmental cues might modulate this pathway such that gas exchange is optimized to suit the prevailing environmental conditions.
气孔是开花植物地上部分表皮中由两个特化的保卫细胞围绕中央孔形成的微观结构。气孔的作用是优化气体交换（二氧化碳的吸收和水蒸气的损失）以适应环境条件。为了实现这一点，植物会打开和关闭气孔，调节表皮上发育的气孔数量。这两种反应都受到来自环境线索和激素信号的信息整合的控制。最近的研究工作使我们对控制气孔发育的基础途径有了显著的了解。在这里，我们将讨论环境线索如何调节这条途径，以使气体交换得到优化以适应环境条件。
