Magalhães Teresa, Taveira Francisco, Jardim Patrícia, Santos Liliana, Matos Eduarda, Santos Agostinho
National Institute of Legal Medicine, North Branch, Porto, Portugal.
J Forensic Leg Med. 2009 Nov;16(8):455-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2009.05.007. Epub 2009 Jun 24.
The existing data suggest that individuals experiencing intra-familial abuse are affected more significantly than those experiencing extra-familial abuse. This study aims to identify possible differences between these types of abuse. A retrospective study was performed based on medico-legal reports related to children suspected of being sexually abused (n=1054). The results revealed that 40.2% of the suspected abuses were intra-familial and were significantly different than extra-familial cases with respect to the following: (a) the complainants were younger; (b) their relationship to the alleged abuser was closer; (c) the alleged abusers had higher rates of previous sexual abuse; (d) the suspected abuses were less intrusive physically; (e) there was less physical but more psychological violence; (f) the delay between the last abuse and the medico-legal examination was greater; and (g) there were fewer physical signs and DNA evidence (none in the great majority of cases). These results highlight aspects of intra-familial abuse that have been identified as factors influencing the severity of its consequences - physically, these instances of abuse were less intrusive but psychologically they were more intrusive than extra-familial abuse. This justifies the use of different strategies in the diagnosis and support for victims within the family.
现有数据表明，遭受家庭内部虐待的个体比遭受家庭外部虐待的个体受到的影响更大。本研究旨在确定这两种虐待类型之间可能存在的差异。基于与涉嫌遭受性虐待儿童相关的法医报告进行了一项回顾性研究（n = 1054）。结果显示，40.2%的涉嫌虐待属于家庭内部虐待，在以下方面与家庭外部虐待存在显著差异：（a）投诉者年龄更小；（b）他们与被指控施虐者的关系更亲密；（c）被指控施虐者以前遭受性虐待的比例更高；（d）涉嫌虐待的身体侵害程度较轻；（e）身体暴力较少但心理暴力较多；（f）最后一次虐待与法医检查之间的时间间隔更长；（g）身体迹象和DNA证据较少（绝大多数情况下没有）。这些结果突出了家庭内部虐待的一些方面，这些方面已被确定为影响其后果严重程度的因素——在身体方面，这些虐待事件的侵害程度较轻，但在心理方面，它们比家庭外部虐待的侵害程度更大。这证明在对家庭内部受害者的诊断和支持中采用不同策略是合理的。
