Department of Urology, Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 667, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Chemosphere. 2009 Nov;77(9):1236-41. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.08.045. Epub 2009 Sep 25.
DDT is used for indoor residual spraying (IRS) in Limpopo Province, northern South Africa to control malaria. Through IRS, DDT may reach the outdoor environment via dust and air and from possible spillages during application. In this area the local people consume domestic chickens, wild fish or birds. Fish from the river catchment and impoundments seem to be the major source of protein intake. Water, sediment and tissue samples from two such fish species, domestic chickens and wild birds (terrestrial and aquatic) from this DDT-sprayed area were analysed for DDT and metabolite residues. The samples contained p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD and p,p'-DDE residues, with the latter the most ubiquitous and in the highest concentrations. These findings raise concern that both water and food may be major routes of human exposure to DDT and metabolites, thereby posing possible adverse human health implications to the local communities.
滴滴涕用于南非北部林波波省的室内残留喷洒（IRS）以控制疟疾。通过 IRS，滴滴涕可能通过灰尘和空气到达室外环境，并且在应用过程中可能会有溢出。在该地区，当地人食用家养鸡、野生鱼类或鸟类。来自河流集水区和蓄水池的鱼类似乎是蛋白质摄入的主要来源。对来自该滴滴涕喷洒区的两种鱼类（淡水和海水）以及家养鸡和野生鸟类（陆地和水生）的水、沉积物和组织样本进行了滴滴涕和代谢物残留分析。这些样本含有 p,p'-滴滴涕、p,p'-滴滴伊和 p,p'-滴滴滴残留，其中后者最为普遍，浓度也最高。这些发现令人担忧，因为水和食物可能是人类接触滴滴涕及其代谢物的主要途径，从而对当地社区的健康构成潜在的不利影响。
