Gibb J W, Johnson M, Hanson G R
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112.
Neurotoxicology. 1990 Summer;11(2):317-21.
The neurotoxic properties of 6-hydroxydopamine and 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine are reviewed. The neurochemical responses of the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems after methamphetamine (METH) are reported. METH decreased activities of tyrosine hydroxylase and tryptophan hydroxylase; concentrations of dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) and their respective metabolites were decreased in parallel with the decline in activity of the enzymes. When a variety of pharmacologic or surgical procedures were used to decrease DA content prior to administration of METH, the effects of METH were attenuated. From these data it is inferred that DA is essential for the METH-induced response. 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) produced similar effects which were also DA-dependent. Evidence for a role of glutamate and oxidative stress in the neurotoxicity of the amphetamines is presented.
本文综述了6-羟基多巴胺和5,7-二羟基色胺的神经毒性特性。报告了甲基苯丙胺（METH）后多巴胺能和5-羟色胺能系统的神经化学反应。METH降低了酪氨酸羟化酶和色氨酸羟化酶的活性；多巴胺（DA）和5-羟色胺（5HT）及其各自代谢产物的浓度随着酶活性的下降而平行降低。当在给予METH之前使用各种药理或手术程序降低DA含量时，METH的作用减弱。从这些数据推断，DA对于METH诱导的反应至关重要。3,4-亚甲基二氧基甲基苯丙胺（MDMA）产生了类似的DA依赖性作用。本文还提供了谷氨酸和氧化应激在苯丙胺类神经毒性中作用的证据。
