Gibb J W, Stone D M, Stahl D C, Hanson G R
University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
NIDA Res Monogr. 1987;76:316-21.
The response of brain dopaminergic and serotonergic systems to the amphetamine-like designer drugs, 3,4-methylenedioxyamp amphetamine (MDA) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), was investigated and compared to methamphetamine (METH). Like METH, single or multiple doses of either drug caused marked reductions in both tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) activity and concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA) in several brain regions. The reduction in 5HT content corresponded to the depression of TPH activity in all regions examined. In contrast to METH, which induced pronounced deficits in dopaminergic neuronal markers, repeated doses of MDA or MDMA did not alter striatal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activities or reduce striatal dopamine concentrations. A single dose of MDA or MDMA significantly elevated striatal dopamine content; however, after repeated drug administrations dopamine concentrations were comparable to control values. The effects of MDA or MDMA administration in the rat brain are reminiscent of those elicited by p-chloroamphetamine, a presumed serotonergic neurotoxin.
研究了脑多巴胺能和5-羟色胺能系统对苯丙胺类设计药物3,4-亚甲二氧基苯丙胺（MDA）和3,4-亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺（MDMA）的反应，并与甲基苯丙胺（METH）进行了比较。与METH一样，单剂量或多剂量的这两种药物都会导致几个脑区的色氨酸羟化酶（TPH）活性以及5-羟色胺（5HT）和5-羟吲哚乙酸（5HIAA）浓度显著降低。在所检查的所有区域中，5HT含量的降低与TPH活性的降低相对应。与METH不同，METH会导致多巴胺能神经元标志物出现明显缺陷，而重复给予MDA或MDMA不会改变纹状体酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）活性，也不会降低纹状体多巴胺浓度。单剂量的MDA或MDMA可显著提高纹状体多巴胺含量；然而，在重复给药后，多巴胺浓度与对照值相当。在大鼠脑中给予MDA或MDMA的效果让人联想到由对氯苯丙胺（一种假定的5-羟色胺能神经毒素）引起的效果。
