Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, MVR Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2009 Dec;38 Suppl 1:S37-46. doi: 10.1007/s12160-009-9124-5.
Food choice decisions are frequent, multifaceted, situational, dynamic, and complex and lead to food behaviors where people acquire, prepare, serve, give away, store, eat, and clean up. Many disciplines and fields examine decision making.
Several classes of theories are applicable to food decision making, including social behavior, social facts, and social definition perspectives. Each offers some insights but also makes limiting assumptions that prevent fully explaining food choice decisions.
We used constructionist social definition perspectives to inductively develop a food choice process model that organizes a broad scope of factors and dynamics involved in food behaviors.
This food choice process model includes (1) life course events and experiences that establish a food choice trajectory through transitions, turning points, timing, and contexts; (2) influences on food choices that include cultural ideals, personal factors, resources, social factors, and present contexts; and (3) a personal system that develops food choice values, negotiates and balances values, classifies foods and situations, and forms/revises food choice strategies, scripts, and routines. The parts of the model dynamically interact to make food choice decisions leading to food behaviors.
No single theory can fully explain decision making in food behavior. Multiple perspectives are needed, including constructionist thinking.
食物选择决策是频繁的、多方面的、情境的、动态的和复杂的，导致人们获取、准备、供应、赠送、储存、食用和清理食物的行为。许多学科和领域都在研究决策制定。
有几类理论适用于食物决策，包括社会行为、社会事实和社会定义视角。每一种视角都提供了一些见解，但也做出了限制假设，无法完全解释食物选择决策。
我们使用建构主义的社会定义视角，对涉及食物行为的广泛因素和动态进行归纳，制定了一个食物选择过程模型。
这个食物选择过程模型包括（1）人生事件和经历，通过过渡、转折点、时间和背景建立食物选择轨迹；（2）对食物选择的影响，包括文化理想、个人因素、资源、社会因素和当前背景；（3）个人系统，发展食物选择价值观、协商和平衡价值观、对食物和情境进行分类，以及形成/修改食物选择策略、方案和常规。该模型的各个部分动态交互，做出食物选择决策，进而导致食物行为。
没有单一的理论可以完全解释食物行为中的决策制定。需要多种视角，包括建构主义思维。
