Wall P D
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1977 Apr 26;278(961):361-72. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1977.0048.
In this paper, we shall show that there are substantial numbers of nerve terminals which are normally ineffective. In the intact animal, occasional signs of the postsynaptic effectiveness of these fibres can be seen under conditions of optimal spatial summation or increased excitability or decreased inhibition. If the normally functioning afferent nerve fibres are blocked or cut, some of the previously ineffective fibres immediately establish an effective drive of cells. If the normal afferents are cut and allowed to degenerate, large numbers of cells begin to respond to new inputs. The presence of ineffective synapses in the adult offers an alternative to sprouting or the opening up of polysynaptic pathways as a possible mechanism to explain plasticity of connections in adult brains.
在本文中，我们将证明存在大量通常无效的神经末梢。在完整的动物体内，在最佳空间总和、兴奋性增加或抑制性降低的条件下，可以看到这些纤维突触后有效性的偶尔迹象。如果正常发挥作用的传入神经纤维被阻断或切断，一些先前无效的纤维会立即对细胞建立有效的驱动。如果正常传入神经被切断并使其退化，大量细胞开始对新的输入产生反应。成体中无效突触的存在为发芽或多突触通路的开放提供了另一种可能的机制，以解释成体大脑中连接的可塑性。
