Reed Amy B, Crafton Chip, Giglia Joseph S, Hutto John D
Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
Surgery. 2009 Oct;146(4):757-62; discussion 762-3. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2009.06.048.
Surgical trainees face many obstacles in learning basic surgical anatomy and technique. Pressure for quicker operative times, introduction of an 80-hour work week, rising numbers of endovascular procedures replacing open surgery, and the presence of fellowship training programs can limit resident exposure not only to surgical skills, but to attending faculty as well. Our goal was to design a vascular exposures course using fresh frozen cadavers to promote dissection and suturing skills, foster interaction with Vascular Surgery faculty, promote teamwork between residents, and measure the satisfaction of the residents with the course.
A pilot program was created with fresh frozen cadavers used to teach basic vascular surgical anatomy and operating skills to junior and mid-level general surgery residents. The course was organized by the Department of General Surgery and the Division of Vascular Surgery. Trainees completed a general questionnaire and evaluation at the completion of the course.
Forty-five general surgery residents participated in 6 independent sessions offered over a 24-month period. Data from 2 questionnaires were entered into a spreadsheet and analyzed. Eighty-five percent of residents found the course met their expectations. Fresh frozen cadaver material was found optimal by all participants. Forty-four of 45 (97.8%) residents rated the educational value of the course with a perfect score and would recommend the course to others.
Fresh frozen cadavers provide an excellent opportunity to teach basic open vascular surgery principles while fostering interaction with faculty. Sharing cadavers between multiple disciplines can help with cost containment.
外科实习生在学习基本外科解剖学和技术方面面临诸多障碍。缩短手术时间的压力、每周80小时工作制度的推行、血管内手术数量增加取代开放手术以及专科培训项目的存在，不仅会限制住院医师对外科技能的接触，还会减少他们与指导教师的接触。我们的目标是设计一门使用新鲜冷冻尸体的血管暴露课程，以提高解剖和缝合技能，促进与血管外科教师的互动，促进住院医师之间的团队合作，并评估住院医师对该课程的满意度。
创建了一个试点项目，使用新鲜冷冻尸体向初级和中级普通外科住院医师教授基本血管外科解剖学和操作技能。该课程由普通外科和血管外科分部组织。学员在课程结束时完成一份综合问卷和评估。
45名普通外科住院医师参加了在24个月内提供的6次独立课程。将两份问卷的数据录入电子表格并进行分析。85%的住院医师认为该课程符合他们的期望。所有参与者都认为新鲜冷冻尸体材料是最佳的。45名住院医师中有44名（97.8%）给该课程的教育价值打了满分，并会向其他人推荐该课程。
新鲜冷冻尸体为教授基本开放血管外科原则提供了绝佳机会，同时促进与教师的互动。多学科共享尸体有助于控制成本。
