University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Arch Womens Ment Health. 2010 Feb;13(1):61-74. doi: 10.1007/s00737-009-0109-y. Epub 2009 Sep 30.
Several decades of research have focused on the impact of exposure to postnatal depression on children, while anxiety has been largely overlooked. Estimates of the prevalence of postnatal maternal anxiety (PMA) range from 3% to 43%, suggesting PMA may be an important risk factor for adverse outcomes in children. This review summarizes what is known about the effects of PMA exposure on children and makes recommendations for future research. A systematic search of Ovid MEDLINE and PsychINFO through 2008 identified 18 studies that evaluated child outcomes associated with PMA exposure. Identified studies covered three domains: somatic, developmental, and psychological outcomes. The strongest evidence for an adverse effect of PMA exposure is in somatic and psychological outcomes; the evidence for an effect of PMA on child development is inconclusive. Methodological differences among the studies make comparisons difficult and there are a number of common limitations that challenge the validity of these studies.
几十年来的研究一直集中在产后抑郁症对儿童的影响上，而焦虑在很大程度上被忽视了。产后母亲焦虑症（PMA）的患病率估计在 3%到 43%之间，这表明 PMA 可能是儿童不良后果的一个重要危险因素。这篇综述总结了 PMA 暴露对儿童的影响，并为未来的研究提出了建议。通过 2008 年 Ovid MEDLINE 和 PsychINFO 的系统检索，确定了 18 项评估与 PMA 暴露相关的儿童结局的研究。确定的研究涵盖了三个领域：躯体、发育和心理结局。PMA 暴露对躯体和心理结局有不利影响的证据最强；PMA 对儿童发育的影响的证据尚无定论。研究之间的方法学差异使得比较变得困难，而且存在许多共同的局限性，这些局限性对这些研究的有效性提出了挑战。
