Leknes I L
Faculty of Engineering and Science, Sogn og Fjordane University College, Box 133, N-6851 Sogndal, Norway.
Anat Histol Embryol. 2009 Nov;38(6):424-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2009.00963.x. Epub 2009 Sep 28.
The structure and histochemical properties of the bulbus arteriosus in two species from an evolutionary old teleost family, Characidae, and in three modern teleosts, family Cichlidae, are described. The bulbar wall was composed of an outer layer, a middle layer and a strongly folded inner layer covered by a thick, granule-rich endothelial cell layer towards the lumen. One of the cichlid species (Thorichthys meeki) was injected intraperitoneally with horse ferritin; the endothelial cell layer of the heart atrium and ventricle displayed high ability to endocytose ferritin particles from the blood stream, but the corresponding layer in the bulbus arteriosus displayed no such uptake. This finding suggests that the bulbar endothelial cell layer plays no scavenger or immunological blood cleansing roles in this species. The bulbar endothelial cell granules were strongly coloured by periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) in the present cichlids, but weakly coloured by PAS in the present characids. These cell layers were uncoloured by alkaline carmine in ethanol in both cichlids and characids. The negative carmine test combined with a positive PAS test for the bulbar endothelial cell layer in the present cichlids indicates that these cells contain only small amounts of polysaccharides. The weak PAS-colouring for the bulbar endothelial cell layer in characids indicates a very low content of sugars in these cells. These findings together with the fact that this cell layer in the present cichlids and characids was nearly uncoloured when treated with orcein, Heidenhain's Azan or Schmorl's solutions for elastic materials suggest that the bulbar endothelial granules do not play any role in the blood cleansing or in the rebuilding or maintenance of the ground substance or elastic material in the bulbar wall. Probably, the granules in the bulbar endothelial cell layer in the present species contain mainly proteins, connected to some PAS-positive polysaccharides to enhance their solubility.
描述了来自进化古老的硬骨鱼科（脂鲤科）的两个物种以及三个现代硬骨鱼（丽鱼科）的动脉球的结构和组织化学特性。动脉球壁由外层、中层和强烈折叠的内层组成，内层朝向管腔覆盖着一层厚厚的、富含颗粒的内皮细胞层。对一种丽鱼科鱼类（梅氏丽体鱼）进行腹腔注射马铁蛋白；心房和心室的心脏内皮细胞层显示出从血流中内吞铁蛋白颗粒的高能力，但动脉球中的相应层没有这种摄取。这一发现表明，在该物种中，动脉球内皮细胞层不发挥清除剂或免疫性血液净化作用。在目前的丽鱼科鱼类中，动脉球内皮细胞颗粒被过碘酸希夫（PAS）强烈染色，但在目前的脂鲤科鱼类中被PAS弱染色。在丽鱼科和脂鲤科鱼类中，这些细胞层在乙醇碱性胭脂红染色中均不着色。目前丽鱼科鱼类动脉球内皮细胞层的阴性胭脂红试验与阳性PAS试验表明，这些细胞仅含有少量多糖。脂鲤科鱼类动脉球内皮细胞层的弱PAS染色表明这些细胞中的糖含量非常低。这些发现以及以下事实：在目前的丽鱼科和脂鲤科鱼类中，当用orcein、海登海因氏偶氮染色法或施莫尔氏弹性材料溶液处理时，该细胞层几乎不着色，这表明动脉球内皮颗粒在血液净化或动脉球壁基质或弹性材料的重建或维持中不发挥任何作用。可能，目前物种的动脉球内皮细胞层中的颗粒主要含有蛋白质，与一些PAS阳性多糖相连以提高其溶解度。
