Kilburn Kaye H
University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA 91107, USA.
Toxicol Ind Health. 2009 Oct-Nov;25(9-10):681-92. doi: 10.1177/0748233709348390. Epub 2009 Sep 30.
Patients exposed at home to molds and mycotoxins and those exposed to chemicals (CE) have many similar symptoms of eye, nose, and throat irritation and poor memory, concentration, and other neurobehavioral dysfunctions. To compare the neurobehavioral and pulmonary impairments associated with indoor exposures to mold and to chemicals. 105 consecutive adults exposed to molds (ME) indoors at home and 100 patients exposed to other chemicals were compared to 202 community referents without mold or chemical exposure. To assess brain functions, we measured 26 neurobehavioral functions. Medical and exposure histories, mood states score, and symptoms frequencies were obtained. Vital capacity and flows were measured by spirometry. Groups were compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA) after adjusting for age, educational attainment, and sex, by calculating predicted values (observed/predicted x 100 = % predicted). And p < .05 indicated statistical significance for total abnormalities, and test scores that were outside the confidence limits of the mean of the percentage predicted. People exposed to mold had a total of 6.1 abnormalities and those exposed to chemicals had 7.1 compared to 1.2 abnormalities in referents. Compared to referents, the exposed groups had balance decreased, longer reaction times, and blink reflex latentcies lengthened. Also, color discrimination errors were increased and visual field performances and grip strengths were reduced. The cognitive and memory performance measures were abnormal in both exposed groups. Culture Fair scores, digit symbol substitution, immediate and delayed verbal recall, picture completion, and information were reduced. Times for peg-placement and trail making A and B were increased. One difference was that chemically exposed patients had excess fingertip number writing errors, but the mold-exposed did not. Mood State scores and symptom frequencies were greater in both exposed groups than in referents. Vital capacities were reduced in both groups. Neurobehavioral and pulmonary impairments associated with exposures to indoor molds and mycotoxins were not different from those with various chemical exposures.
在家中接触霉菌和霉菌毒素的患者以及接触化学物质的患者（CE）有许多相似的症状，如眼睛、鼻子和喉咙受到刺激，记忆力、注意力下降以及其他神经行为功能障碍。为了比较室内接触霉菌和化学物质所导致的神经行为和肺部损伤。将105名在家中室内接触霉菌的连续成年患者（ME）和100名接触其他化学物质的患者与202名未接触霉菌或化学物质的社区对照者进行比较。为了评估脑功能，我们测量了26项神经行为功能。获取了医疗和接触史、情绪状态评分以及症状频率。通过肺活量测定法测量肺活量和气流。在调整年龄、教育程度和性别后，通过方差分析（ANOVA）对各组进行比较，计算预测值（观察值/预测值×100 =预测百分比）。p <.05表示总异常以及超出预测百分比均值置信限的测试分数具有统计学意义。接触霉菌的人共有6.1项异常，接触化学物质的人有7.1项异常，而对照者有1.2项异常。与对照者相比，暴露组的平衡能力下降、反应时间延长、眨眼反射潜伏期延长。此外，颜色辨别错误增加，视野表现和握力降低。两个暴露组的认知和记忆表现测量均异常。文化公平分数、数字符号替换、即时和延迟言语回忆、图片完成以及信息方面的分数降低。钉板试验和连线测验A和B的时间增加。一个差异是，接触化学物质的患者指尖数字书写错误过多，但接触霉菌的患者没有。两个暴露组的情绪状态评分和症状频率均高于对照者。两组的肺活量均降低。室内接触霉菌和霉菌毒素所导致的神经行为和肺部损伤与各种化学物质接触所导致的损伤没有差异。
