Eichhorn C, Nagel E
Institut für Medizinmanagement und Gesundheitswissenschaften, Universität Bayreuth.
Gesundheitswesen. 2010 Jan;72(1):10-6. doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1237737. Epub 2009 Sep 30.
Obesity is a growing health problem in Germany and other industrial nations. There is an urgent need for action in order to stop this development. Government and food industry, as well as individuals, have to act. Governmental interventions could consist in direct regulation - as in, e. g., regulations on food offered in schools and restrictions on advertising unwholesome nutrition for children, -, or in economic incentives like taxes on unhealthy food and subsidisation of wholesome school food and information (food education, campaigns, food labelling etc.). The government should provide an environment that makes a healthy life style easy. But, at present, governmental interventions are too much focused on personal behaviour and responsibility. The role of the food industry could, for example, consist in clear food labelling and the production of healthy food. Each individual holds a personal responsibility for his or her health, but there are limits to it, like social, financial, biological, and other environmental factors. Especially social factors ought to be considered more seriously. Hence, personal responsibility should only be demanded in an adequate environment.
肥胖在德国及其他工业化国家正成为一个日益严重的健康问题。迫切需要采取行动来阻止这一发展趋势。政府、食品行业以及个人都必须有所行动。政府干预措施可以包括直接监管——例如，对学校提供的食品进行监管，以及限制针对儿童的不健康食品广告——或者采取经济激励措施，如对不健康食品征税，对健康的学校食品和信息（食品教育、宣传活动、食品标签等）进行补贴。政府应营造一个有利于健康生活方式的环境。但是，目前政府干预过于侧重于个人行为和责任。例如，食品行业的作用可以包括清晰的食品标签和健康食品的生产。每个人都对自己的健康负有个人责任，但这是有限度的，受到社会、经济、生物和其他环境因素的影响。特别是社会因素应该得到更认真的考虑。因此，个人责任只应在适当的环境中被要求。
