Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia.
Bioessays. 2009 Nov;31(11):1161-71. doi: 10.1002/bies.200900020.
The immunoglobulin molecule is a perfect template for the de novo generation of biocatalytic functions. Catalytic antibodies, or abzymes, obtained by the structural mimicking of enzyme active sites have been shown to catalyze numerous chemical reactions. Natural enzyme analogs for some of these reactions have not yet been found or possibly do not exist at all. Nowadays, the dramatic breakthrough in antibody engineering and expression technologies has promoted a considerable expansion of immunoglobulin's medical applications and is offering abzymes a unique chance to become a promising source of high-precision "catalytic vaccines." At the same time, the discovery of natural abzymes on the background of autoimmune disease revealed their beneficial and pathogenic roles in the disease progression. Thus, the conflicting Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde protective and destructive essences of catalytic antibodies should be carefully considered in the development of therapeutic abzyme applications.
免疫球蛋白分子是从头生成生物催化功能的完美模板。通过模拟酶活性位点的结构获得的催化抗体（abzymes）已被证明可催化许多化学反应。对于其中一些反应，尚未发现天然酶类似物，或者可能根本不存在。如今，抗体工程和表达技术的巨大突破促进了免疫球蛋白在医学应用中的广泛扩展，并为 abzymes 提供了一个独特的机会，使其成为高精度“催化疫苗”的有前途的来源。同时，在自身免疫性疾病背景下发现天然 abzymes 揭示了它们在疾病进展中的有益和致病作用。因此，在开发治疗性 abzyme 应用时，应仔细考虑催化抗体的矛盾的ekyll 和hyde 保护和破坏本质。
