School of Oceanography and Center for Astrobiology and Early Evolution, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2009 Dec;70(3):413-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00747.x. Epub 2009 Sep 21.
The microbial community structure of five geographically distinct hydrothermal vents located within the Axial Seamount caldera, Juan de Fuca Ridge, was examined over 6 years following the 1998 diking eruptive event. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) and 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses were used to determine the bacterial and archaeal diversity, and the statistical software primer v6 was used to compare vent microbiology, temperature and fluid chemistry. Statistical analysis of vent fluid temperature and composition shows that there are significant differences between vents in any year, but that the fluid composition changes over time such that no vent maintains a chemical composition completely distinct from the others. In contrast, the subseafloor microbial communities associated with individual vents changed from year to year, but each location maintained a distinct community structure (based on TRFLP and 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses) that was significantly different from all other vents included in this study. Epsilonproteobacterial microdiversity is shown to be important in distinguishing vent communities, while archaeal microdiversity is less variable between sites. We propose that persistent venting at diffuse flow vents over time creates the potential to isolate and stabilize diverse microbial community structures between vents.
在 1998 年的喷岩浆喷发事件发生 6 年后，研究了位于 Juan de Fuca 脊轴海山火山口内的五个地理位置不同的热液喷口的微生物群落结构。末端限制性片段长度多态性（TRFLP）和 16S rRNA 基因序列分析用于确定细菌和古菌的多样性，统计软件 primer v6 用于比较喷口微生物学、温度和流体化学。对喷口流体温度和成分的统计分析表明，任何一年的喷口之间都存在显著差异，但流体成分随时间而变化，以至于没有一个喷口的化学成分与其他喷口完全不同。相比之下，与个别喷口相关的海底微生物群落每年都在变化，但每个位置都保持着独特的群落结构（基于 TRFLP 和 16S rRNA 基因序列分析），与本研究中包括的所有其他喷口明显不同。结果表明，在区分喷口群落时，ε变形菌的微观多样性很重要，而古菌的微观多样性在不同地点之间变化较小。我们提出，随着时间的推移，弥散流喷口的持续喷口有潜力在喷口之间隔离和稳定多样化的微生物群落结构。
