Mazzoni Erin R, Purves P Lynn, Southward Julie, Rhodes Ryan E, Temple Viviene A
Queen Alexandra Centre for Children's Health, Victoria, British Columbia.
Adapt Phys Activ Q. 2009 Jul;26(3):259-73. doi: 10.1123/apaq.26.3.259.
The impact of a six-week indoor wall climbing on the perceptions of self for children with special needs aged 6-12 years was explored. Participants (n = 46) were randomly assigned to the intervention (girls, n = 4; boys, n = 19) and control groups (girls, n = 5; boys, n = 18). Belayers' and children's perceptions of efficacy were measured using specifically designed questionnaires and perceptions of competence and global self-worth were measured using Harter's (1985) Self-Perception Profile for Children for participants with an adaptive age of 8 years or higher. Children's self-efficacy and belayers' ratings of children's efficacy improved significantly, t(21) = 3.9, p = .001, d= .84 and F(2, 44) = 30.03, p < .001, respectively. The children's judgments of their athletic and social competence and global self-worth, however, did not change over time or differ from the wait-listed control group (p > .05). These results suggest that it is likely that many experiences that enhance self-efficacy may be needed to improve self-perceptions.
探讨了为期六周的室内攀岩活动对6至12岁特殊需求儿童自我认知的影响。参与者（n = 46）被随机分为干预组（女孩，n = 4；男孩，n = 19）和对照组（女孩，n = 5；男孩，n = 18）。使用专门设计的问卷测量保护者和儿童的效能感认知，对于适应年龄在8岁及以上的参与者，使用哈特（1985年）的《儿童自我认知量表》测量能力和总体自我价值感认知。儿童的自我效能感和保护者对儿童效能的评分显著提高，t(21) = 3.9，p = .001，d = .84以及F(2, 44) = 30.03，p < .001。然而，儿童对自己运动和社交能力以及总体自我价值的判断并未随时间变化，也与等待列表对照组无差异（p > .05）。这些结果表明，可能需要许多增强自我效能感的经历才能改善自我认知。
