Wang Xiao-yu, Feng Jiang, Wang Jing
Urban and Environmental Sciences College, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2009 Aug 15;30(8):2394-401.
Momoge Wetland is an important international wetland. Crude oil exploration and production have been the largest anthropogenic factor contributing to the degradation of Momoge Wetland, China. To study the effects of crude oil residuals on wetland soils, the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were examined, as well as for pH and electricity conductivity (EC) from oilfield and uncontaminated area in Momoge Wetland. All contaminated areas had significantly higher (p < 0.05) contents of TPH than those of the uncontaminated areas. For 5 a, 10 a and 20 a oil wells, the TPH were 30-fold, 60-fold, and 111-fold of the control sites. Soils from 10 a or over 10 a oil wells in oilfield were the major petroleum contamination area with values ranging from 16,885 mg x kg(-1) to 31,230 mg x kg(-1). There was a significantly positive correlation between TOC and TPH contents in oilfield(r = 0.88, p < 0.05). Oil residuals in soil caused the decrease of TN and TP and the maximum of decline were 33% and 28%, respectively. Contaminated sites also exhibited significantly higher (p < 0.05) pH values, C:N and C:P ratios. These trends became progressively obvious with the length of time the oil well was in production. Soil petroleum contamination also resulted the increase of the EC, however the impact of TPH on EC were not significant(p > 0.05). Collectively, petroleum hydrocarbon pollution has caused some major changes in soil properties in Momoge Wetland.
莫莫格湿地是重要的国际湿地。原油勘探和生产一直是导致中国莫莫格湿地退化的最大人为因素。为研究原油残留对湿地土壤的影响，对莫莫格湿地油田和未受污染区域的土壤总石油烃（TPH）、总有机碳（TOC）、总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）以及pH值和电导率（EC）进行了检测。所有污染区域的TPH含量均显著高于未污染区域（p<0.05）。对于5年、10年和20年的油井，TPH含量分别是对照点的30倍、60倍和111倍。油田中10年及以上油井的土壤是主要石油污染区域，含量范围为16885mg·kg-1至31230mg·kg-1。油田土壤中TOC与TPH含量之间存在显著正相关（r=0.88，p<0.05）。土壤中的石油残留导致TN和TP含量降低，最大降幅分别为33%和28%。污染区域的pH值、C:N和C:P比值也显著更高（p<0.05）。随着油井生产时间的延长，这些趋势变得越来越明显。土壤石油污染还导致EC升高，但TPH对EC的影响不显著（p>0.05）。总体而言，石油烃污染已导致莫莫格湿地土壤性质发生一些重大变化。
