Zhao Ming-Yang, Wang Sa, Li Feng-Mei, Guo Shu-Hai, Gao Peng
Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2020 Dec;31(12):4215-4224. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202012.040.
We analyzed the soil physico-chemcial properties, microbial community structure, petroleum hydrocarbon contents and components in soil samples from the well sites of Shuguang, Huanxi-ling and Jinzhou oil exploitation sites in Liaohe Oilfield, with uncontaminated paddy soil as a control. The results showed that: 1) The soil around all the three oil exploitation sites were seriously polluted by petroleum with certain differences in the petroleum hydrocarbon contents and components. The average content of petroleum hydrocarbon in the soil of Shuguang and Huanxiling oil exploitation sites was two times higher than that of Jinzhou oil exploitation site. The content of resins and asphaltenes in the soil of Shuguang oil exploitation site was the highest, while the soils of Huan-xiling and Jinzhou oil exploitation sites had the highest alkane content, which accounting for more than 40% in all the sites. 2)Compared with the paddy soil, the microbial OTU numbers, Chao1 and Shannon indices in the soil of Jinzhou oil exploitation site increased. The dominant phyla and genera were similar in the soil of all oil exploitation sites but with large differences in abundance. The soil in Jinzhou oil exploitation site had higher abundance of and , while and in the soil of Shuguang oil exploitation site, and and in the soil of Huanxiling oil exploitation site. 3) The abundances of and the contents of total petroleum hydrocarbons, total organic carbon and resins and asphaltenes were significantly positively correlated, while and were significantly positively correlated with the contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus. This study systematically analyzed the petroleum hydrocarbon, physico-chemcial properties and microbial communities in the soil of different oil exploitation sites, and revealed the specific dominant bacterial genera and microbial communities in the soil of Liaohe Oilfield. Our results provided a theoretical basis for functional bacterium screening and microbial community construction in the remediation process of petroleum contaminated soil in Liaohe Oilfield, and a reference for efficient degradation bacteria screening in other oilfields.
我们以未受污染的稻田土壤作为对照，分析了辽河油田曙光、欢喜岭和锦州油区井场土壤样品的理化性质、微生物群落结构、石油烃含量及组成。结果表明：1）三个油区周围土壤均受到石油的严重污染，石油烃含量及组成存在一定差异。曙光和欢喜岭油区土壤中石油烃平均含量是锦州油区的两倍。曙光油区土壤中树脂和沥青质含量最高，而欢喜岭和锦州油区土壤中烷烃含量最高，在所有油区中占比均超过40%。2）与稻田土壤相比，锦州油区土壤中微生物OTU数量、Chao1和Shannon指数增加。所有油区土壤中的优势菌门和菌属相似，但丰度差异较大。锦州油区土壤中 和 的丰度较高，曙光油区土壤中 和 丰度较高，欢喜岭油区土壤中 和 丰度较高。3） 的丰度与总石油烃、总有机碳、树脂和沥青质含量显著正相关，而 和 与总氮和总磷含量显著正相关。本研究系统分析了不同油区土壤中的石油烃、理化性质和微生物群落，揭示了辽河油田土壤中特定的优势细菌属和微生物群落。我们的研究结果为辽河油田石油污染土壤修复过程中功能菌筛选和微生物群落构建提供了理论依据，也为其他油田高效降解菌筛选提供了参考。
