Iwamoto Emiko, Wada Yuko, Fujisaki Yuka, Umeki Saori, Jones Miyuki Y, Mizuno Takuya, Itamoto Kazuhito, Maeda Ken, Iwata Hiroyuki, Okuda Masaru
Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan.
J Vet Med Sci. 2009 Sep;71(9):1191-9. doi: 10.1292/jvms.71.1191.
Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by Leptospira interrogans sensu lato and is common in both humans and animals. In the present study, serum samples were collected from 801 dogs across all 47 prefectures in Japan, and evaluated with a microscopic agglutination test (MAT), using 5 major L. interrogans serovars (Icterohaemorrhagiae, Canicola, Autumnalis, Hebdomadis, and Australis) as antigens, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using recombinant OmpL1 protein as the antigen. Across all dogs tested, 217 (27.0%) and 29 (3.6%) were MAT- and ELISA-positive, respectively. However, evidence strongly suggests that MAT also detected antibodies produced by vaccination. Of 243 dogs never inoculated with any canine vaccine, 41 (16.9%) from 23 prefectures were MAT and/or ELISA positive. The most commonly detected serovar was Icterohaemorrhagiae (22 dogs, 19 prefectures). Our results suggest that there are dogs with subclinical Leptospira infection throughout Japan. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first nationwide survey of Leptospira infection in dogs, and the findings are relevant not only for clinical veterinary medicine but also for public health.
钩端螺旋体病是一种由问号钩端螺旋体复合群引起的传染病，在人类和动物中都很常见。在本研究中，从日本47个都道府县的801只犬中采集血清样本，并用显微镜凝集试验（MAT）进行评估，使用5种主要的问号钩端螺旋体血清型（出血性黄疸型、犬型、秋季热型、七日热型和澳洲型）作为抗原，以及使用重组外膜脂蛋白L1（OmpL1）作为抗原的酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）。在所有检测的犬中，MAT和ELISA阳性的分别有217只（27.0%）和29只（3.6%）。然而，有充分证据表明MAT也检测到了疫苗接种产生的抗体。在243只从未接种过任何犬用疫苗的犬中，来自23个都道府县的41只（16.9%）MAT和/或ELISA呈阳性。最常检测到的血清型是出血性黄疸型（22只犬，来自19个都道府县）。我们的结果表明，在日本各地存在亚临床钩端螺旋体感染的犬。据我们所知，本研究是首次在全国范围内对犬钩端螺旋体感染进行的调查，其结果不仅与临床兽医学相关，也与公共卫生相关。
