Gilleard Chris, Higgs Paul
Centre for Social and Behavioural Sciences and Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
J Aging Soc Policy. 2009 Jul-Sep;21(3):277-95. doi: 10.1080/08959420902955917.
Pensioner political movements emerged in the interwar years in America and Europe. Documentary and empirical analyses confirm the influential role such movements played in helping shape the postwar social security systems of Western societies. Pensioner movements, qua pensioner movements, have failed to retain their influence, despite that "old age" and its demographic significance have become more salient. We propose three explanations for this: the first concerns the failure of old age to connect with the generational ethos of identity politics; the second reflects the nature of the actors now involved in the governance of old age; and the third concerns the individualization of retirement as a phase of life.
养老金领取者政治运动在两次世界大战之间的岁月里出现在美国和欧洲。文献和实证分析证实了这些运动在塑造西方社会战后社会保障体系方面所发挥的重要作用。尽管“老年”及其人口统计学意义变得更加突出，但养老金领取者运动作为养老金领取者运动本身却未能保持其影响力。我们对此提出三种解释：第一种涉及老年未能与身份政治的代际思潮相联系；第二种反映了当前参与老年治理的行为主体的性质；第三种涉及退休作为人生一个阶段的个体化。
