Acuna G, Johnston J, Young L S, Martin W J
Division of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Laboratories, UCLA Center for the Health Sciences, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1981 Sep;8 Suppl B:83-9. doi: 10.1093/jac/8.suppl_b.83.
The in-vitro susceptibility of recent clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacilli has been assessed for ceftazidime and compared to amikacin, gentamicin, carbenicillin, piperacillin, cefoperazone, moxalactam, ceftriaxone and ceftizoxime. Using the ICS-WHO agar dilution method, we found that ceftazidime was the most active beta-lactam agent tested against 147 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with a mode MIC=2 mg/l and all but 2% of isolates inhibited at 32 mg/l. 100% of indole-positive and negative Proteus spp., 90% of Citrobacter spp., 100% of Acinetobacter spp. and 98% of Enterobacter spp. were inhibited. A total of 142 isolates from the latter 5 groups of organisms were tested. Cefoperazone and moxalactam were slightly more active by weight than ceftazidime versus Enterobacter spp., but against other Gram-negative bacilli ceftazidime was similar or more potent. Additionally, 72 clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis group were tested against ceftazidime, cefoperazone, ceftizoxime, ceftriaxone, and cefoxitin. Against these organisms cefoxitin and ceftizoxime were most active. Ceftazidime demonstrates potent in-vitro activity against Ps. aeruginosa and Enterobacteriaceae, but it is relatively less active against Bacteroides fragilis group than cefoxitin and ceftizoxime.
已对近期革兰氏阴性杆菌临床分离株进行了头孢他啶的体外药敏试验，并与阿米卡星、庆大霉素、羧苄西林、哌拉西林、头孢哌酮、拉氧头孢、头孢曲松和头孢唑肟进行了比较。使用国际化学联合会-世界卫生组织琼脂稀释法，我们发现头孢他啶是针对147株铜绿假单胞菌测试的最具活性的β-内酰胺类药物，MIC中位数为2mg/l，除2%的分离株外，所有分离株在32mg/l时均受到抑制。100%的吲哚阳性和阴性变形杆菌属、90%的柠檬酸杆菌属、100%的不动杆菌属和98%的肠杆菌属受到抑制。对后5组生物体的142株分离株进行了测试。头孢哌酮和拉氧头孢相对于肠杆菌属在重量上比头孢他啶略具活性，但对其他革兰氏阴性杆菌，头孢他啶相似或更有效。此外，对72株脆弱拟杆菌属临床分离株进行了头孢他啶、头孢哌酮、头孢唑肟、头孢曲松和头孢西丁的测试。对这些生物体，头孢西丁和头孢唑肟最具活性。头孢他啶对铜绿假单胞菌和肠杆菌科细菌具有强大的体外活性，但相对于头孢西丁和头孢唑肟，它对脆弱拟杆菌属的活性相对较低。
