Center for Conservation Biology, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Evolution. 2010 Apr 1;64(4):1063-75. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00868.x. Epub 2009 Oct 5.
Recent studies of rates of evolution have revealed large systematic differences among organisms with different life histories, both within and among taxa. Here, we consider how life history may affect the rate of evolution via its influence on the fixation probability of slightly beneficial mutations. Our approach is based on diffusion modeling for a finite, stage-structured population with stochastic population dynamics. The results, which are verified by computer simulations, demonstrate that even with complex population structure just two demographic parameters are sufficient to give an accurate approximation of the fixation probability of a slightly beneficial mutation. These are the reproductive value of the stage in which the mutation first occurs and the demographic variance of the population. The demographic variance also determines what influence population size has on the fixation probability. This model represents a substantial generalization of earlier models, covering a large range of life histories.
最近对进化率的研究揭示了具有不同生活史的生物之间存在着巨大的系统差异，无论是在分类群内还是分类群之间。在这里，我们考虑生活史如何通过影响轻微有利突变的固定概率来影响进化速度。我们的方法是基于具有随机种群动态的有限阶段结构种群的扩散建模。结果通过计算机模拟得到验证，表明即使在复杂的种群结构中，也只需要两个人口统计学参数就足以准确近似于轻微有利突变的固定概率。这两个参数是突变首次发生的阶段的生殖值和种群的人口统计学方差。人口统计学方差还决定了种群大小对固定概率的影响。该模型代表了早期模型的重大推广，涵盖了广泛的生活史。
