Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, 07340, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, México, D.F., México.
Ecotoxicology. 2010 Feb;19(2):405-18. doi: 10.1007/s10646-009-0426-y. Epub 2009 Oct 14.
The paper presents the first document to identify the enrichment pattern of acid leachable trace metals (ALTMs) such as Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, Co, Mo, Ag, As and Ba and their relationship with sediment quality parameters (pH, organic carbon, carbonates and texture) in core sediments (<63 microm particle size) from Indian Sunderban mangrove wetland, formed at the estuarine phase of the river Hugli (Ganges). Textural analysis reveals an overall predominance of mud. The results indicate that the change in pH values causes coagulation and precipitation of ALTMs. Fe and Mn have fairly close distribution patterns of enrichment in surface layers which might be ascribed to early diagnetic processes. The most prominent feature of ALTMs is the enrichment of Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Ba in the surface-subsurface layers in the sediment cores, which is mainly attributed to the intense industrial and agricultural activities as well as drainage of untreated domestic sewage to this coastal region. The ALTMs also indicate their association with organic carbon and Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides. The enrichment is well--supported by the correlation, grouping and clustering of ALTMs in statistical analyses. Anthropogenic Factor values indicated ALTMs enrichment for all trace metals due to intense anthropogenic activities. Overall higher values of ALTMs in sediments in comparison to other Indian coastal regions indicate that they are mainly due to the uncontrolled anthropogenic activities in this mangrove estuarine complex. Statistical analyses suggest that five ALTMs (Cu, Pb, As, Mo, Ba) are attached to the organic particles and the clustering of elements separately also indicates that they are from external source. The result of the present study suggests the need for a regular monitoring program which will help to improve the quality of this potential wetland.
本文首次提出了一种方法，用于确定印度孙德尔本斯红树林湿地（形成于恒河胡格利河河口阶段）核心沉积物（<63 微米粒径）中酸可提取痕量金属（ALTMs）如 Fe、Mn、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Cd、Co、Mo、Ag、As 和 Ba 的富集模式及其与沉积物质量参数（pH 值、有机碳、碳酸盐和质地）的关系。质地分析表明，整体上以淤泥为主。结果表明，pH 值的变化导致 ALTMs 的凝聚和沉淀。Fe 和 Mn 在表层的富集分布模式相当接近，这可能归因于早期的顺磁过程。ALTMs 的最显著特征是在沉积物核心的表层-次表层中富集 Fe、Mn、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb 和 Ba，这主要归因于该沿海地区强烈的工农业活动以及未经处理的生活污水的排放。ALTMs 还表明它们与有机碳和 Fe-Mn 氢氧化物有关。相关性、分组和聚类统计分析很好地支持了 ALTMs 的富集。由于人类活动强烈，人为因素值表明所有痕量金属的 ALTMs 都有富集。与其他印度沿海地区相比，沉积物中 ALTMs 的总体含量较高，表明这主要是由于该红树林河口复合体中不受控制的人类活动。统计分析表明，有五种 ALTMs（Cu、Pb、As、Mo、Ba）附着在有机颗粒上，元素的聚类也表明它们来自外部来源。本研究的结果表明，需要制定一个定期监测计划，这将有助于提高这个潜在湿地的质量。
