Department of Prosthodontics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Saale, Germany.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2009 Nov;20(11):1206-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01759.x.
When used with dental implants advantages of the magnetic attachments include control of load transmitted to implants, improvements in stability, support and retention for the prosthesis, and the relative ease of prostheses fabrication. Clinically, the use of sterilized components is required, and this may be problematic as magnetic alloys are sensitive to temperature. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of autoclave sterilization on the maximum retentive forces and characteristic curves for magnetic attachments recommended for use with dental implants.
Eleven SmCo and NeFeB implant magnetic attachments were evaluated as provided by the respective manufacturers. Implant magnetic abutment and the corresponding denture magnet (n=5 magnet pairs) were tested before and after standardized autoclave sterilization (10 min at 134 degrees C). Each magnet pair was tested 10 times in a calibrated universal testing machine using a non-magnetic test device (s=40 mm, v=20 mm/min). Results were recorded electronically and statistically analyzed using t-test and ANOVA (Welch and Brown-Forsythe test; P<0.05).
After autoclave sterilization all magnetic pairs produced lower (though statistically insignificant) overall retention forces compared with the untreated pairs. After sterilization mean maximum retentive forces (SD) ranged from 5.65 (0.33) to 1.41 (0.07) N. The characteristic force-displacement curves of the tested magnetic systems showed differences among the single products.
Autoclave sterilization caused a non-significant reduction in retentive force of 0.04-14.6% when compared with the unsterilized magnet pairs. There were differences between the tested magnetic pairs for both the initial breakaway forces and the characteristic force-displacement curves. Within the limitations of this study all tested magnetic attachments were sterilized in an autoclave without significant change of retention properties. Nevertheless magnetic implant abutments should be sterilized with caution to reduce the risk of alterations of the retention properties.
当与牙种植体一起使用时，磁性附着体的优点包括控制传递到种植体的负载、改善稳定性、对义齿的支持和保留，以及义齿制作相对容易。临床上，需要使用经过消毒的部件，而这可能是一个问题，因为磁性合金对温度敏感。本研究的目的是评估高压灭菌对推荐用于牙种植体的磁性附着体的最大保持力和特性曲线的影响。
评估了由各自制造商提供的 11 个 SmCo 和 NeFeB 种植体磁性附着体。在经过标准化高压蒸汽灭菌（134°C 10 分钟）前后，对种植体磁性基台和相应的义齿磁铁（n=5 对磁铁）进行了测试。使用校准的万能试验机，使用非磁性测试装置（s=40mm，v=20mm/min），每个磁铁对测试 10 次。结果以电子方式记录并使用 t 检验和 ANOVA（Welch 和 Brown-Forsythe 检验；P<0.05）进行统计分析。
高压蒸汽灭菌后，所有磁性对的整体保持力均低于（尽管无统计学意义）未经处理的对。经过消毒后，平均最大保持力（SD）范围为 5.65（0.33）至 1.41（0.07）N。测试磁性系统的特征力-位移曲线显示出单个产品之间的差异。
与未经消毒的磁铁对相比，高压蒸汽灭菌导致保持力降低了 0.04-14.6%，尽管无统计学意义。在初始分离力和特征力-位移曲线方面，测试的磁性对之间存在差异。在本研究的限制范围内，所有测试的磁性附件均在高压灭菌器中进行了消毒，保留性能没有明显变化。然而，应谨慎对磁性种植体基台进行灭菌，以降低保留性能发生变化的风险。
