Gaboriau-Routhiau Valérie, Rakotobe Sabine, Lécuyer Emelyne, Mulder Imke, Lan Annaïg, Bridonneau Chantal, Rochet Violaine, Pisi Annamaria, De Paepe Marianne, Brandi Giovanni, Eberl Gérard, Snel Johannes, Kelly Denise, Cerf-Bensussan Nadine
INRA, U910, Unité Ecologie et Physiologie du Système Digestif, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Immunity. 2009 Oct 16;31(4):677-89. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2009.08.020.
Microbiota-induced cytokine responses participate in gut homeostasis, but the cytokine balance at steady-state and the role of individual bacterial species in setting the balance remain elusive. Herein, systematic analysis of gnotobiotic mice indicated that colonization by a whole mouse microbiota orchestrated a broad spectrum of proinflammatory T helper 1 (Th1), Th17, and regulatory T cell responses whereas most tested complex microbiota and individual bacteria failed to efficiently stimulate intestinal T cell responses. This function appeared the prerogative of a restricted number of bacteria, the prototype of which is the segmented filamentous bacterium, a nonculturable Clostridia-related species, which could largely recapitulate the coordinated maturation of T cell responses induced by the whole mouse microbiota. This bacterium, already known as a potent inducer of mucosal IgA, likely plays a unique role in the postnatal maturation of gut immune functions. Changes in the infant flora may thus influence the development of host immune responses.
微生物群诱导的细胞因子反应参与肠道内稳态，但稳态下的细胞因子平衡以及单个细菌物种在建立这种平衡中的作用仍不清楚。在此，对无菌小鼠的系统分析表明，全小鼠微生物群的定殖协调了广泛的促炎性辅助性T细胞1（Th1）、Th17和调节性T细胞反应，而大多数测试的复杂微生物群和单个细菌未能有效刺激肠道T细胞反应。这种功能似乎是少数细菌的特权，其原型是分节丝状细菌，一种与梭状芽孢杆菌相关的不可培养物种，它在很大程度上可以重现全小鼠微生物群诱导的T细胞反应的协调成熟。这种细菌，已知是粘膜IgA的有效诱导剂，可能在肠道免疫功能的产后成熟中发挥独特作用。因此，婴儿菌群的变化可能会影响宿主免疫反应的发展。
