UO Alzheimer-Memory Clinic, IRCCS Centra S. Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2009;49 Suppl 1:237-43. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2009.09.035.
Survival following a diagnosis of AD is important information for health planners, caregivers, patients, and their families. AD is associated with variable, but shortened life expectancy. Knowing the expected survival time may empower people with AD and their families, but clinicians currently have limited predictive information. A better knowledge about prognosis in patients affected by AD and related disorders should be of paramount importance in order to improve care plans and assist in medical decisions, above all for patients in the moderate-severe stages of the disease. Life expectancy for patients with AD can vary between 3 to 10 years. Many studies have tried to identify predictive factors that can be of help for clinicians. The main predictor of life expectancy is the age. Therefore caregivers, patients, and their families could plan on a median life span as long as 7 to 10 years for patients whose conditions are diagnosed when they are in their 60s and early 70s, to only about 3 years or less for patients whose conditions are diagnosed when they are in their 90s. Dementias with prominent psychiatric-behavioral manifestations and gait impairment have a faster progression compared to AD. However the many variables that influence life expectancy make difficult to define prognosis at the bedside and more studies are needed to assist clinicians in they daily routine with patients and caregivers.
AD 诊断后的生存情况是卫生规划者、护理人员、患者及其家属的重要信息。AD 与可变但缩短的预期寿命相关。了解预期的生存时间可能会赋予 AD 患者及其家属权力，但临床医生目前的预测信息有限。为了改善护理计划和协助医疗决策，特别是对于处于疾病中重度阶段的患者，更好地了解 AD 患者和相关疾病的预后应该至关重要。AD 患者的预期寿命可能在 3 至 10 年之间。许多研究都试图确定有助于临床医生的预测因素。预期寿命的主要预测因素是年龄。因此，对于在 60 多岁和 70 岁出头被诊断出患有这种疾病的患者，护理人员、患者及其家属可以计划一个中位数为 7 到 10 年的平均寿命，而对于在 90 多岁被诊断出患有这种疾病的患者，预期寿命可能只有 3 年或更短。与 AD 相比，具有明显精神行为表现和步态障碍的痴呆症进展更快。然而，影响预期寿命的许多变量使得难以在床边定义预后，需要更多的研究来帮助临床医生在日常工作中为患者和护理人员提供帮助。
