Laboratory of Motor Control, Institute of Normal & Pathological Physiology, Slovak Academy of Science, Sienkiewiczova 1, 813 71 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Neurosci Lett. 2009 Dec 31;467(3):220-4. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.10.041. Epub 2009 Oct 22.
The contribution of different sensory modalities to balance control is modified by age. Postural responses to Achilles tendon vibration were investigated in order to understand the influence of age on proprioceptive input from lower legs in human stance. Postural responses to bilateral vibrations of Achilles tendon with 10s duration were recorded at three frequencies (40, 60 and 80 Hz) in 9 healthy young (range, 24-27 years) and in 9 healthy older adults (59-70 years). Subjects were instructed to keep standing on firm surface with eyes closed. They performed three trials in each of three vibration frequencies. Postural responses were characterized by displacement of the centre of foot pressure (CoP) and by kinematics of body segments in the anterior-posterior direction. Bilateral vibrations of Achilles tendon induced backward body lean increasing with frequency of vibration and with age. The leg angle response to vibration was found similar in both groups of subjects. Slight trunk tilts from vertical position were induced by vibration in young subjects while in older subjects the trunk tilted backward together with the whole body. This observation was supported also by the minimal change of hip angle in older subjects contrary to increased hip activity in young subjects. The findings showed that the trunk and hip angle responses to proprioceptive stimulation might be a good indicator of age-related destabilization in balance control.
不同感觉模式对平衡控制的贡献会随年龄而改变。为了了解小腿本体感觉输入对人体站立姿势的影响,我们研究了跟腱振动对姿势的反应。在三种频率(40、60 和 80 Hz)下,记录了 9 名健康年轻人(24-27 岁)和 9 名健康老年人(59-70 岁)双侧跟腱持续 10 秒的振动的姿势反应。要求受试者闭眼,双脚站在坚硬的表面上。他们在三种振动频率下各进行三次试验。姿势反应的特征是足底压力中心(CoP)的位移和身体在前-后方向上的运动学。双侧跟腱振动会引起身体向后倾斜,这种倾斜随着振动频率和年龄的增加而增加。在两组受试者中,对振动的腿部角度反应是相似的。在年轻受试者中,振动会引起轻微的躯干从垂直位置倾斜,而在老年受试者中,躯干会与整个身体一起向后倾斜。这一观察结果也得到了支持,即与年轻受试者髋关节活动增加相反,老年受试者髋关节角度的变化很小。研究结果表明,对本体感觉刺激的躯干和髋关节角度反应可能是平衡控制中与年龄相关的不稳定性的一个很好的指标。
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