Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy.
Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
Ann Biomed Eng. 2023 Apr;51(4):643-659. doi: 10.1007/s10439-023-03136-x. Epub 2023 Jan 26.
Research on human posture and balance control has grown in recent years, leading to continued advances in their understanding. The ability to maintain balance is attributed to the interplay of the visual, vestibular, and somatosensory systems, although an important role is also played by the auditory system. The lack or deficit in any of these systems leads to a reduced stability that may be counterbalanced by the integration of all the remaining sensory information. Auditory and vibratory stimulation have been found to be useful to enhance balance alongside daily activities either in healthy or pathological subjects; nevertheless, while widely investigated, the literature relating to these approaches is still fragmented. This review aims at addressing this by collecting, organising, and discussing all the literature to date on the effects of the various acoustic and vibratory stimulation techniques available on static upright posture in healthy subjects. In addition, this review intends to provide a solid and comprehensive starting point for all the researchers interested in these research areas. A systematic search of the literature was performed and a total of 33 articles (24 on vibratory stimulation and 9 on acoustic stimulation) were included in our analysis. For all articles, several elements were highlighted including: the study sample, the characteristics of the stimulations, the recording instruments, the experimental protocols, and outcomes. Overall, both stimulations analysed were found to have a positive effect on balance but more research is needed to align those alternative approaches to the traditional ones.
近年来,人类姿势和平衡控制的研究不断发展,对其理解也不断深入。维持平衡的能力归因于视觉、前庭和躯体感觉系统的相互作用,尽管听觉系统也起着重要作用。这些系统的缺失或缺陷会导致稳定性降低,而通过整合所有剩余的感觉信息可以进行补偿。已经发现听觉和振动刺激有助于在健康或病理受试者的日常活动中增强平衡;然而,尽管这些方法已经得到广泛研究,但相关文献仍然分散。本综述旨在通过收集、组织和讨论迄今为止关于各种声学和振动刺激技术对健康受试者静态直立姿势影响的所有文献来解决这个问题。此外,本综述旨在为所有对这些研究领域感兴趣的研究人员提供一个坚实而全面的起点。对文献进行了系统搜索,共纳入 33 篇文章(24 篇关于振动刺激,9 篇关于声学刺激)进行分析。对于所有文章,都强调了几个要素,包括:研究样本、刺激的特征、记录仪器、实验方案和结果。总体而言,分析的两种刺激都被发现对平衡有积极影响,但需要更多的研究将这些替代方法与传统方法对齐。
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